The Atlanta Georgian,
Tuesday, 26th August 1913.
FRANK RETURNING TO HIS CELL IN TOWER AFTER JUDGE'S CHARGE
Leo Frank's control of his emotions was never more strikingly shown than on last day of trial.
Leo M. Frank, convicted slayer of Mary Phagan on his way back to his cell to await the verdict of the jury. He walked with a firm, springy step, and apparently was confident that he would be acquitted.
NO RECOMMENDATION TO COURT FOR MERCY IN VERDICT: I'M INNOCENT HE SAYS AGAIN;
WIFE FAINTS AWAY AS SHE HEARS NEWS
Leo M. Frank was found guilty of the murder of Mary Phagan by a jury in Judge Roan's court at 4:56 o'clock p.m., Monday afternoon, August 25th 1913, and a minute later a howling crowd was cheering its approval.
According to what appears to be reliable authority, the jury was unanimous in its verdict on the first ballot formally taken one hour and a half after the jury returned from its dinner.
All doors to the courtroom were locked as the verdict came in. No recommendation for mercy was made by the twelve men who listened to four long weeks of exhaustive evidence.
Thirty-five hundred people outside the courthouse yelled themselves hoarse as the verdict was announced. Juror Winburn the foreman, escorted by a deputy, led the jury into the room. All twelve men seemed pale and nervous, oppressed by the weight of their momentous task.
Frank's presence in the courtroom has been waived, according to an announcement made at 4:15 o'clock p.m., when it was reported that the jury had reached a verdict. The courtroom was to be cleared for the jury to make its announcement.
When informed of the jury's verdict in his cell atthe county jail late Monday evening, Frank cried:
"My God, to think that even the jury was influenced by mob law."
Frank shrank back for a brief moment as though struck when the one word "guilty" was uttered by a friend, but regained his composure immediately. He would not see newspapermen and his friends would tell little of what he said except that one of them vouched the information that he had asserted:
"I am just as innocent now as I was a year ago."
As the news was broken to Frank his wife uttered a cry of anguish.
"Oh, Leo," she wailed, "can't we get justice?" and broke down in tears. She was attended to by her family physician.
Frank said he would issue a written statement later, but only with the permission of his attorneys.
Jury Nervous and Pale.
The jury was very nervous and pale as it entered the courtroom headed by Deputy Plennie Miner. For a time, it hesitated before the twelve men entered the jury box. Only the order of Judge Roan of: "Gentlemen, take your accustomed seats," caused them to file in.
"Gentlemen, have you reached a verdict?" said Judge Roan, when the jury had become seated.
Foreman Winburne arose and said: "We have, your honor."
The foreman then opened the piece of paper upon which the verdict was written and read:
"We have found the defend guilty," the verdict read.
As the verdict was read the silence within the courtroom was broken only by the loud cheering outside.
When the foreman had resumed his seat, Solicitor Dorsey arose and asked each juror:
Each Man Answers "Yes."
"Is that your verdict?" and in each case the response was "Yes."
Judge Roan then thanked the jury, saying:
"Gentlemen, I want to thank you for your services. This is the longest criminal case I have ever known of in my life."
The jury arose as if to leave the courtroom then, but resumed their seats.
Dorsey was the first to leave the courtroom. He received an ovation from the throngs which packed the streets. He was lifted from his feet upon the shoulders of the enthusiasts and carried several hundred feet. Dorsey took his hat from his head and bowed to the acclamations of the crowd.
Cheers for Hooper, Too.
Hunter street was blocked clear to Whitehall street, and Pryor was blocked for two blocks on either side.
As Frank A. Hooper left the courtroom at 5 o'clock, a lane was made for him across to the Kiser building, directly opposite the courtroom and the cheers which went up rent the air.
J. W. Coleman, stepfather of Mary Phagan, rushed up to the jury and shook hands with each member, tears standing in his eyes.
Neither Luther Rosser nor Reuben Arnold were present in the courtroom. They were represented by Stiles Hopkins, a member of Mr. Rosser's law firm. Mr. Rosser had collapsed, it was announced.
When the jury was ushered in, Frank was not present. Judge Roan said to Dorsey:
"Mr. Dorsey, I understand that you have waived the presence of the accused."
The Solicitor General nodded his head.
"I do," he answered. The verdict was read. The jury had deliberated for four hours and seven minutes.
After posing for several flashlight photographs, the jury left the box and was swarmed by newspaper men. Questions as to how the verdict was reached remained unanswered.
To each inquiry, the jurymen stated that they had taken an oath not to reveal the details under which the decision was arrived at.
Cheers for the Jury.
The grim-visage of each man, however, told of the hard battle through which they had gone. After a short time, the jurymen left the courtroom. As they were recognized by the crowds outside, the courthouse, they were wildly cheered. Probably no demonstration of this magnitude has ever been seen before in Georgia at a criminal trial.
Judge Roan left the courtroom at 5:15 o'clock. He also was applauded. The jurist made no response, but slipped quietly into an automobile and were whisked away.
The jury proceeded to the Thrower building to draw its pay, each man receiving $58.00
Friend Tells Frank News.
First reports that Frank had been told of the verdict immediately after its receipt at the jail proved false. It was nearly 6 o'clock when his family physician, Dr. Rosenberg, and Rabbi, Dr. David Marx went up to the prisoner's cell to convey the tragic news. Frank's wife was with him at the time and the physician was called in case she collapsed.
Attendants at the jail said Frank received the news of the verdict without a tremor. His wife fainted away, but was soon brought to by her physician and left the jail for the Selig home about 6 o'clock.
Outburst of Applause for Dorsey.
After leaving the courthouse, Attorney Dorsey retired to the Kiser Building, where he remained in conference for 20 minutes. He left the building in company with Attorney Stephens and was again greeted with a tremendous outburst of applause. A double row of policemen forced a passageway to the Solicitor's automobile.
As Dorsey took his seat the crowd gathered around the machine and hundreds of congratulatory hands were thrust toward him. Mounted policemen had to go in front of the car to open up the streets. From buildings on either side of the streets, handkerchiefs waved, and even women in the windows cheered. The cheering continued until the automobile was out of sight.
At the Kimball House, to which the jurymen went to gather up the clothing and personal effects which they had used during their long stay, another large crowd had gathered and greeted the men with another ovation until the corridors resounded. Each man was swamped with persons, known and unknown to him, who
wrung his hand vigorously.
Solicitor Dorsey finished his speech at twelve o'clock and Judge Roan prepared to charge the jury. A brief recess was taken.
Courthouse officials, the attorneys in the case and newspapermen were the only ones present when the jury brought in its verdict. The dramatic scene that had been expected when the factory superintendent faced the men who held his life in their hands was, of course, averted by the waiving of the prisoner's presence.
There was thrill of tense anticipation when word came from the fourth floor that the jury was ready to report. The rumor had been gaining ground that the jury had arrived at a decision about 3:20 o'clock and had been merely holding off for the arrival of the attorneys.
Rosser and Arnold and Dorsey, all of whom had gone home for a brief nap, were summoned. Attorney Hooper was at the courthouse before the clearing of the scene of the great trial began and said he had no doubt of the jury's decision.
When the jury sent down word that it had arrived at a verdict, Sheriff Mangum mounted the Judge's bench and rapped for order in the crowded courtroom.
"Gentlemen, I will have to clear this room of all but those directly interested in the case," the Sheriff said. "My orders are that all spectators must clear out."
A murmur of protest greeted the Sheriff's orders, but bailiffs going down the aisles directed the crowds to the door and they filed slowly out.
When the last spectator had left the room there remained about 50 persons in all. These consisted of the attorneys for the State and defense, Chief Beavers, Chief Lanford, a half score of detectives and as many newspaper men.
PAGE 2
DORSEY RIDDLES FRANK'S OWN STATEMENT IN FINAL PLEA
Crowds Outside and Inside of Court Vociferously Applaud Solicitor
GOOD CHARACTER NO BAR TO CONVICTION, ASSERTS JUDGE CHARGING JURY
Here is Judge Roan's complete charge to the jury verbatim:
"Gentleman of the Jury This bill of indictment charges Leo M. Frank with the offense of murder. The charge is that Leo M. Frank, in this county, on the 26th day of April of this year, with force and arms did unlawfully and with malice aforethought kill and murder one Mary Phagan by then and there choking her, the said Mary Phagan, with a cord placed around her neck."
"To this charge made by the bill of indictment found by the Grand Jury of his county recently impaneled Leo M. Frank, the defendant, file a plea of not guilty. The charge as made by the bill of indictment on the one hand and his plea of not guilty filed therein form the issue, and you, gentlemen of the jury have been selected, chosen and sworn to try the truth of this issue."
"Leo M. Frank, the defendant, commences the trial of this issue with the presumption of innocence in his favor, and this presumption of innocence remains with him, to shield him and protect him, until the State shall over come it and remove it by evidence offered to you, in your hearing and presence, sufficient in its strength and character to satisfy your minds beyond a reasonable doubt of his guilty of each and every material allegation made by the bill of indictment."
"I charge you, gentlemen, that all of the allegations of this indictment are material, and it is necessary for the State to satisfy you of their truth by evidence that convinces your minds beyond a reasonable doubt of his guilt before you would be authorized to find a verdict of guilty."
Must Be More Than
Beyond Mere Doubt.
"You are not compelled to find, from the evidence, his guilt beyond any doubt, but beyond a reasonable doubt, such a doubt as grows out of the evidence in the case, or for the want of evidence, such a doubt as a reasonable and impartial man would entertain about matters of the highest importance to himself after all reasonable efforts to ascertain the truth. This does not mean a fanciful doubt, one conjured up by the jury, but a reasonable doubt."
"Gentlemen, this defendant is charged with murder. Murder is defined to be the unlawful killing of a human being, in the peace of the State, by a person of sound memory and discretion, with malice aforethought, either express or implied."
"Express malice is that deliberate intention unlawfully to take away the life of a fellow-creature which is manifested by external circumstances capable of proof."
"Malice shall be implied where no considerable provocation appears, and where all of the circumstances of the killing show an abandoned and malignant heart."
"There is no difference between express and implied malice except in the mode of arriving at the fact of its existence. The legal sense of the term malice' is not confined to particular animosity to the deceased, but extends to an evil design in general. The popular idea of malice in the sense of revenge, hatred, ill will, has nothing to do with the subject. It is an intent to kill a human being in a case where the law would neither justify nor in any degree excuse the intention if the killing should take place as intended. It is a deliberate intent unlawfully to take human life, whether it springs from hatred, ill will or revenge, ambition, avarice or other like passion. A man may for the intent to kill, do the killing instantly, and regret the deed as soon as done. Malice must exist at the time of the killing. It need not have existed any length of time previously."
Law Presumes Malice, If Homicide Is Proven.
"When a homicide is proven, if it is proven to be the act of the defendant, the law presumes malice, and unless the evidence should relieve the slayer he may be found guilty of murder. The presumption of innocence is removed by proof of the killing of the defendant. When the killing is shown to be the act of the defendant, it is then on the defendant to justify or mitigate the homicide. The proof to do that may come from either side, either from the evidence offered by the State to make out its case, or from the evidence offered by the defendant or the defendant's statement."
"Gentlemen of the jury, you are made by law the sole judges of the credibility of the witnesses and the weight of the testimony of each and every witness. It is for you to take this testimony as you have heard it in connection with the defendant's statement, and arrive at what you believe to be the truth."
"Gentlemen, the object of all legal investigation is the discovery of truth. That is the reason of you being selected, impaneled and sworn in this case to discover what is the discovery of truth. That is the reason of you being selected, impaneled and sworn in this case to discover what is the truth on this issue formed on this bill of indictment, is Leo M. Frank guilty? Are you satisfied of that beyond a reasonable doubt from the evidence in this case? Or is his plea or not guilty of the truth? The rules of evidence are framed with a view to this prominent and seeking always for pure sources and the highest evidence.
"Direct evidence is that which immediately points to the question at issue. Indirect or circumstantial evidence is that which only to establish the issue by proof of various facts sustaining, by their consistency, the hypothesis claimed. To warrant a conviction on circumstantial evidence the proven facts must not only be consistent with the hypothesis of guilt, but must exclude every other reasonable doubt hypothesis save that of the guilt of the accused."
Character Issue Of Importance.
"The defendant has introduced testimony as to his good character. On this subject I charge you that evidence of good character when offered by the defendant in a criminal case is always relevant and material, and should be considered by the jury, along with all the other evidence introduced, as one of the facts of the case. It should be considered by the jury, not merely where the balance of the testimony in the case makes it doubtful whether the defendant is guilty or not, but also where such evidence of good character may of itself generate a doubt as to the defendant's guilt.
Good character is a substantial fact, like any other fact tending to establish the defendant's innocence, and ought to be so regarded by the jury."
"Like all over facts proved in the case, it should be weighed and acclimated by the jury, for it may render that doubtful which otherwise would be clear. However, if the guilt of the accused is plainly proved to the satisfaction of the jury beyond a reasonable doubt, notwithstanding the proof of good character, it is their duty to convict. But the jury may consider the good character of the defendant, whether the rest of the testimony leaves the question of his guilt doubtful or not, and if a consideration of the proof of his good character considered along with the evidence, creates a reasonable doubt in the minds of the jury as to the defendant's guilt, then it would be the duty of the jury to give the defendant the benefit of the doubt thus raised by his good character, and to acquit him."
"The word character' as used in this connection means that general reputation which he bore among the people who knew him prior to the time of the death of Mary Phagan. Therefore, when the witnesses by which a defendant seeks to prove his good character are put upon the stand, and testify that his character is good, the effect of the testimony is to say that the people who knew him spoke well of him, and that his general reputation was otherwise good."
State Allowed to Attack Character.
"When a defendant has put his character in issue, the State is allowed to attack it by proving that his general reputation is not good, or by showing that the witnesses who have stated that his character is good have untruly reported it. Hence the Solicitor General has been allowed to cross-examine the witnesses for the defense who were introduced to testify to his good character. In the cross-examination of these witnesses he was allowed to ask them if they had not heard of various acts of misconduct on the defendant's part."
"The Solicitor General had the right to ask any questions along this line he pleased, in order thoroughly to sift the witnesses, and to see if anything derogatory to the defendant's reputation could be proved by them."
"The court now wishes to say to you that, although the Solicitor General was allowed to ask the defendant's character witnesses these questions as to their having heard of various acts of alleged misconduct on the defendant's part, the jury is not to consider this as evidence that the defendant has been guilty of any such misconduct as may have been indicated in the questions of the Solicitor
MRS. FRANK ARRIVING AT THE COURTHOUSE
The wife of The defendant In the Phagan Case has not Missed a Session of the Trial of her Husband.
General, or any of them, unless the alleged witnesses testify to it."
"Furthermore, where a man's character is put in evidence and in the course of the investigation any specific act of misconduct is shown, this does not go before the jury for the purpose of showing affirmatively that his character is bad or that he is guilty of the offense with which he stands charged, but is to be considered by the jury only in determining the credibility and the degree of information possessed by those witnesses who have testified to his good character."
"When the defendant has put, his character is issue, the State is allowed to bring witnesses to prove that his general character is bad, and thereby to disprove the testimony of those who have stated that it is good. The jury is allowed to take this testimony, and have the right to consider it along with all the other evidence introduced on the subject of the general character of the defendant, and it is for the jury finally to determine from all the evidence whether his character was good or bad."
Good Character May Create Reasonable Doubt.
"You will, therefore, observe that this the rule you will be guided by in determining the effect to be given to the evidence on the subject of the defendant's character. If, after considering all the evidence pro and con, on the subject of the defendant's character, you believe that prior to the time of Mary Phagan's death he bore a good reputation among those who knew him that his general character was good, you will consider that as one of the facts in the case, and I may be sufficient to create a reasonable doubt of the defendant's guilt. If it so impress your minds and consciences, after considering it along with all the other evidences in the case, and if it does, you should give the defendant the benefit of the doubt and acquit him."
"However, though you should believe his general character was good, still if, after giving due weight to it as one of the facts in the case, you believe from the evidence as a whole that he is guilty beyond a reasonable doubt, you should be authorized to convict him."
"If you believe beyond a reasonable doubt from the evidence in this case that this defendant is guilty of murder, then you would be authorized in that event to say We, the Jury, find the defendant guilty.'"
"Should you go no further, gentlemen, and say nothing else in your verdict, the court would have to sentence the defendant to the extreme penalty for murder, to wit; to be hanged by the neck until he is dead. But should you see fit to do so, in the event you arrive at the conclusion and belief beyond a reasonable doubt from the evidence that this defendant is guilty, then, gentlemen, you would be authorized in that event, if you saw fit to do so, to say: We, the jury, find the defendant guilty, and we recommend that he be imprisoned in the penitentiary for life.'"
"In the event you should make such a verdict as that, then the Court, under the law, would have to sentence the defendant to the penitentiary for life."
"You have heard the defendant make his statement. He had the right to make it under the law. It is not made under oath and he is not subject to examination or cross-examination. It is with you as to how much of it you will believe, or how little of it. You may go to the extent, if you see fit, of believing it in preference to the sworn testimony in the case."
"In the event, gentlemen, you have a reasonable doubt from the evidence, or the evidence and the statement together or either, as to the defendant's guilt as charged, then give the prisoner the benefit of that doubt, and acquit him the form of your verdict would be: We, the jury, find the defendant not guilty.' As honest jurors do your utmost to reach the truth from the evidence and statement as you have heard it here, then let your verdict speak it."
DEMANDS LEO FRANK BE SENT TO GALLOWS AS MARY PHAGAN'S SLAYER
Refreshed by the week-end recess, Solicitor General Dorsey returned Monday to the State's closing argument. By the force of logic and denunciation of his final words to the jury the Solicitor hopes to obtain a verdict of guilty against Leo M. Frank, charged with the murder of Mary Phagan.
The day and a half intermission furnished a breathing spell for the State's prosecutor. He came back to the battle with new spirit and with an absence of the fatigue that compelled him to stop his stirring argument Saturday and ask Judge Roan for a recess.
Solicitor Dorsey was vociferously cheered as he entered the courthouse by a crowd waiting for the trial to open, and in the courtroom there was applause as he went to the State's table within the railing.
Judge Roan entered the room as the applause died down while the deputies were rapping for order. He announced that if there was any semblance of a repetition, he would clear the courtroom. The judge declared that a similar occurrence might destroy the work of four long weeks and warned the audience to keep strict order.
Mr. Dorsey began his speech in a low, hoarse voice.
"Your honor and gentlemen of the jury," he said, I regret the necessity for having to carry this case over into another week and through another Sunday. I might have been able to have
finished my speech and his honor have delivered his charge and turned the case over to you. The circumstances made the present course wiser."
Begins to Riddle Frank's Statement.
"When we close proceedings Saturday, I was giving you a brief analysis of the statement of the defendant. I am not going to any exhaustive study of that statement. It is unnecessary to further burden you with it. But there are certain language and statements which merit some consideration."
"The defendants stated after this honor had excluded our evidence, and excluded it properly, that his wife visited him at the police station. He stated that she was there with his father-in-law and his two brothers-in-law. He said Rabbi David Mardx was with him and that he consulted Dr. Marx on the advisability of having her to come up to the top float and see him surrounded by policemen, reporters and snapshotters. He doesn't prove by a living soul that this statement is true. You must rely on his own lips for its value."
"If they could have proved if by Dr. Marx, why didn't they do it? You tell me a loving wife lives who, conscious of a husband's innocence amid such circumstances, wouldn't have braved policemen, snapshotters to have seen him?"
Arnold jumped up.
"I object," he said, "to those outrageous references to his wife. I have sat here in silence during many of his unfair remarks, but to bring in the wife of this man who is on trial for his life is an outrage on law and decency and fairness."
"Let me see," said Judge Roan, "the evidence on which you are speaking, Mr. Dorsey."
Dorsey Fires Hot Retort at Arnold.
"Let the galled jade wines," said Dorsey, sarcastically.
"He has no right to make any such statement," said Arnold, "It is wholly uncalled for."
"I submit the remark," retorted Dorsey, "of Mr. Rosser that this is an unfair speech (referring to an aside) is uncalled for. Frank said that his wife would not come to see him because she was afraid of the snapshotters and reporters and that she did not want to go through this line of newspaper men every time she came to see him. I tell you, gentlemen, there never lived a true wife who would not have gone through a line of snapshotters and reporters in spite of the contrary advice of a rabid or anyone else."
"Let us see who first found out Conley could write. Frank said, I was the man who made this discovery. I was the means of getting this Information to the police. I have received too many notes asking for loans not to know that he can write. I know that if you will look in the safe you will find some receipts for watches signed by him, and that if you will go to the jeweler's you probably will find other specimens of his handwriting."
"But Scott says that no such thing ever happened. Why didn't Frank, when those notes were found by the dead girl's body why didn't he then and there say that that was Conley's handwriting? Tip to the time that it was discovered that Conley could write Frank had said nothing. It was only through the work done by the detectives and the fact the Conley knew they had learned he could write that the negro finally was made to submit specimens of his handwriting."
"Why did Frank keep silent when he knew those notes were the key which would unlock the mystery?"
Dorsey turned to Frank at this point and said:
"You did know that he could write. You knew that if it was found out that the whole mystery would be solved. You had notes asking for loans. You had seen his writing by which he checked up the boxes of pencils. Why did you keep silent?"
"You saw him at the police station and even then never mentioned that he could write."
"Frank says that after this visit of Conley's to the jail, after Conley had gone to the factory and gone through his pantomime at the time almost exactly to the minute that he said it took, that on this visit to the jail he said, I told them if they would get the permission of Rosser that I would face Conley.' Now, gentlemen of the jury, Mr. Rosser was at Tallulah Falls that day. Therefore, there was no chance to get his permission that day. But Mr. Rosser was at Tallulah Falls that day, and when he got back did he allow Frank to face Conley? No, he did not."
"Gentlemen, you know it is true that never in the history of the Anglo-Saxon race and in the history of the African race has an ignorant, filthy negro ever accused a white man of crime where the white man was innocent and the white man decline to face the negro. There never lived in Georgia a lawyer who possessed half the ability of Rosser who sincerely believed in the innocence of his client who would not have said to this negro. Face my client.' You may say here that you did not know what Conley's statement was going to be, but you could have found out. You could have known."
Rosser Objects To Being Criticized.
Mr. Rosser was on his feet with an objection to commenting on counsel. After a moment's wrangling, Mr. Dorsey insisting that he had a right to commont on the action of the defendant's counsel charging the facts in the record justified him. Judge Roan sustained the objection.
"But they see the force of it," continued Dorsey.
"Now, I don't think that's fair, your honour," said Rosser, interrupting again. There was another minute of wrangling, both Dorsey and Rosser speaking at the same time. Judge Roan again sustained Rosser.
Dorsey turned to the jury, and slapping his hand viciously on the ceiling, shouted:
"If they don't see the force of it you do."
Rosser objected again.
"I insist, your honor that that is entirely proper comment. I ask you, am I outside the record? I have a right to comment upon their conduct in declining to cross-examine witnesses."
"You may comment upon the act of Frank," interrupted Judge Roan, "in not facing Conley and upon his counsel not having given the permission, but it is not proper for you to comment upon why counsel for the defense did not do certain things."
Dorsey turned to the jury:
"This man Frank with Anglo-Saxon blood in his veins, a graduate of Cornell, a man of sense and intelligence and spirit, refused to see Conley because his counsel was not in town. But when his counsel returned and he still had the opportunity, he dared not let Conley meet him. It is not necessary to take up this discussion. Would the weakest of you when innocent and wrongfully accused by a man with a black skin on the charge of murder let Rosser or any lawyer in the world keep you from confronting him and sailing the lie. No lawyer of any age or clime could prevent me from meeting a man, be he white or black, who had wrongfully accused me."
Pointing his finger at Frank he continued:
"You want in a room and interviewed old Newt Lee down at the police station at 12 o'clock at night. What did you do? Did you act like an innocent man who was trying to get at the truth? Oh, no!"
Declares Frank Dared Not Attack Negro Lee.
"Instead of going after him and trying to get from him new light on his case this man at whom you had pointed an infamous suspicion to save your own neck and to save your reputation on Washington street and in the B'nai B'rith according to Lee, you hung your head and quizzed him not, but said: If you don't tell more about this we'll both go to hell.' Then in your statement to the jury, you tried to make it appear that your own detective, Scott, had concocted a scheme against you and lied about what happened."
"The reason Frank didn't put it up to Newt Lee was because he knew Net Lee was innocent. He knew he was guilty and he was only adding to the dastardly crime of assault on the virtue of this little girl by trying to break the neck of this old negro to save his own reputation and neck."
"Listen to his statement. He is smart. Listen how he qualifies and fixes so that when we come back with rebuttal the technical law will protect him. Old Newt Lee had been night watchman at that factory only a few weeks. There had been other night watchmen before, and the charges of going into the place for immoral purposes were during the time before Newt Lee came. He knew the detectives had charged that people had gone in there for immoral purposes but in his statement on the stand, he confined his denial to the time Newt Lee was there as night watchman."
"No, during the time old Newt Lee was there, there was but one person for whom your passion burned," the Solicitor continued, turning to Frank, "little Mary Phagan. She never would go there with you. But if you were telling the truth, why didn't you make a bold and emphatic statement that none had ever been there. It was during the summer previous that Dalton and the others testified of the immorality there. There was the chance for impeachment of his statement, and yet you tell me that that's a good, fair, frank statement."
"Now, another thing, listen to this, I read from the defendant's statement, Now, in reference to those spots claimed to be blood spots found by Barrett, I don't say they are not blood. They are near the ladies' dressing room, and we also have many accidents near there. Let me say in connection with those accidents near there. Let me say in connection with those accidents that not all accidents are reported. Only those which incapacitate an employee are reported. But I say it might have been blood. It also might have been aniline dye or paint. I have seen girls drop bottles of this colored matter, but if it had been fresh blood or fresh paint, the *Haskoline which was spread over it would have become pink or red instead of remaining white.'"
"Why Didn't They Bring in a Chemist?"
"But I ask you if the *Haskoline would not have produced the identical result, which the witnesses say was produced? Why didn't you bring before the jury a reputable chemist and a man who would have sustained you in this contention? If you had time to bring in experts to attack the overwhelming evidence of Dr. Roy Harris, why, in the name of truth and justice, didn't you bring in just one chemist to support your theory of the blood spots?"
"You know the reason. You know they were blood spots. You know that you didn't bring in a chemist because the result of spreading the *Haskoline over blood would have been exactly the result that was produced in the dressing room on the second floor."
Dorsey turned toward the jury at this point and asked:
"Are you going to take this man's unsupported word when his lawyers are unable to get any reputable chemist to come in and stultify himself by declaring that those spots were not blood or that the result produced was not that of spreading *Haskoline over fresh blood?
"This defense can not they haven't got any defense. They circle and flutter, but never light. They grab at varnish, rat blood and Duffy's blood, but they never knuckle down to show that it was not blood. In view of the statement of Mell Stanford, who swept that floor and who says it was not there Friday: in view of the statements of Christopher Columbus Barrett, who, despite what they say, continues to draw his livelihood from the corners of the National Pencil Company; in view of the statements of a great many others who went there to see the blood spots, can we get but one solution of the matter? I say you can not."
"Then they fly onto another subject? It is the way they claim Jim Conley took that body into the basement. But, gentlemen of the jury, you know, and they know, that this body wasn't taken down that scuttlehole. It did not show there where the dust was thick. And then did he shoot her down the cute of the Clark Woodenware's place, where the body would have been concealed better and longer than where the body was found? Did this negro, who, they say, robbed this girl even if he had taken time to write the notes, even if they had hit her with a bludgeon do you think, gentlemen of the jury, that he would have taken the time to tie a cord around her neck a cord seldom found in the basement except when it was swept there with the trash, but the proper place for which was in that metal room on the second floor, where little Mary Phagan met her death? If he had done all that after he had sent her body down the cute why would he have gone down into the basement and have removed the body from its safest hiding place down there at the bottom of the chute, where the dust, trash and boxes would have kept it concealed for weeks at least? Why would he have removed it out there near the oiler, where the firemen and everyone else would have been sure to find it?"
"I tell you, gentlemen of the jury, that body was never sent down that chute; that body was never sent down that scuttlehole. It was taken down into the basement just as Jim Conely says it was."
"They fly off onto other things. Why, on May 1, when Holloway caught Jim Conley washing his shirt, he said, This is my negro.' Fifteen days later, when the second squad of Pinkertons came in, can you tell me, will you tell me, why if he shoved her down that hole, that not until the 15th of May was this bloody bludgeon found, and more blood than this girl has ever been shown to have lost was there?"
"Another thing, Frank said in his statement that this man Quinn came to him and told him he would like to take him back to the metal room, where, the newspapers said, and where everybody else said, and knew that morning, that some blood and some hair had been found."
Stresses Fact Frank Hadn't Examined Spots.
"Although he had seen this in the papers, although he had heard from others in the factory that the spots and hair had been found, although he had been all around there, although the knowledge of the finding of these pots and hair had torn him to pieces, although he was so anxious to get the detectives to work on the case that he had phoned Schiff three times, yet Quinn had to come and ask him to come back there to see the spots."
"Tell me, was that the conduct of an innocent man anxious to help the police? But, strange to say, not even Lemmie Quinn comes to support you in this statement. No one ever saw Leo M. Frank go back there to examine those spots."
"If there was ever a spot on this earth that Frank did not want to see it was the blood spot back there in the metal room, the spot where this little girl met her death. If Frank went down there to the morgue and the sight of that little girl tore him to piece as he tells you it did, let any honest man on this jury tell me why it was he wanted to look upon her dead body again."
"Rogers says he didn't look at it. Black, says he didn't see him look at it."
Attorneys Arnold and Rosser entered strenuous objection.
"Rogers did not say that Frank did
Continued on Page 3, Column 1.
PAGE 3
CROWD SEEKING TO ATTEND THE LAST DAY OF FRANK TRIAL DORSEY ANALYZES NOTES AS HE ENDS STATE'S PLEA
Continued From Page 2.
not see the body," said Arnold.
Dorsey: "It is in the evidence. I am not going to quibble with you. It is the truth and you know it."
"When Frank came into the room," continued the Solicitor to the jury, "he did not see her. And if he went into that room, neither Rogers nor Black saw him look at her."
"I tell you, the truth is that Frank never looked at the body of the girl again. And even if he did, it was but a glace as the electric lights were switched on. He turned and went into another room."
Arnold interposed another objection. "Your honor," he said, "nothing has been said about Frank going into another room."
Dorsey: "It has. It is in the record, Rogers said it."
Arnold: "It is not in the record."
Dorsey: "I say it is in the record and I challenge you to produce it."
"We don't have to produce it," returned Arnold.
Arnold: "We object, your honor, to him saying that we are quibbling."
Judge Calls Halt In Bitter Clash.
Dorsey: "Well, why don't you look it up then?"
Arnold: "Your Honor, we object. He has no right to go in this manner."
Judge Roan: "Mr. Dorsey, you must not say they are quibbling unless they are. If it
is in the record, they are not quibbling unless they are. If it is in the record, they are not quibbling. If it is in the record and they say it is not, then they are quibbling."
"If Frank ever looked that face," said Dorsey, "and I challenge the statement. It was so brief if she was dirty and begrimed, her hair bloody, her features contorted if he didn't know her better than he would have you think he did, he never could have identified her."
"Why did he go back there Sunday afternoon? He had been in the bosom of his family and failed to show any nervousness. He said himself he was torn all to pieces. He went back there to put his ear to the ground to see if there were any whisperings accusing Leo Frank of the crime."
"Rogers didn't see him look at her. Black didn't see him. He himself said the sight tore him to pieces."
"On the way to the police station he trembled on Darley's knee. But like a dog to his vomit, a sow to her wallow, he went back to review that ghastly sight. I ask you if he didn't go back to see if the police suspected Leo M. Frank?"
"He admits his nervousness in the presence of the officers. The Seligs said he was not nervous at home."
Rosser interrupted: "I have the record of that evidence. The question was: You now say he went into that dressing room? A. I wouldn't say. He passed out of my view.'"
Dorsey: "That's cross-examination."
Rosser: "Yes, but it's the truth."
Dorsey: "All right. I am glad you corrected me. The gist of the matter is that he didn't look at the body of little Mary Phagan."
Rosser: "He's wrong about that."
Dorsey: "Take it your way. I am going to throw you that piece of sop. The point is, Frank wanted to get out of the way of the officers. If he went into that room, it was so brief a time, that nobody saw it. He was afraid of anyone who represented the majesty of the law."
"Reads Joke to Assure All of Self-possession."
"Out home Saturday night he wanted to assure every one of his self-possession by reading a joke. The laughter was the laughter of a guilty conscience. It jarred. He wasn't nervous at home. But he trembled when he had to discuss the matter with the minions of the law."
"Frank was nervous when he went to run the elevator. He stated he left the box open because of the request of a member of the fire department, who had told him that in case of fire, there was danger of the firemen being shocked if they could not cut off the power."
"Why was that necessary when it was so simple to get the key and just by turning the handle, open the box. Why didn't they bring firemen here to substantiate him? Old Holloway told the truth when he made that affidavit in my office when he said Old Jim Conley is my nigger.'"
"The true facts are when Frank came down to that elevator Sunday morning, the box was open, and the key was in his pocket."
Rosser: "Now, your Honor, there isn't a bit of evidence to support that statement."
Dorsey (as one of his deputies handed him the record): "Your Honor, the evidence sustains me in this case, just as it did in the other. I am going to read you Boots Rogers' direct testimony: I didn't see him in the room, but I saw him turn into what I thought was a closet, but afterwards found it was a place where someone slept. There was a bed in there.'"
"I don't care what he led out of him," answered Rosser: "I read him the cross-examination, which was the truth."
Judge Roan: "Mr. Rosser, don't interrupt him as long as he stands by the records."
Dorsey: "Yes. I want him to interrupt me. I don't want to misrepresent this case. There is enough straight evidence. I don't want to mislead this jury."
Judge Roan: "I just wanted to know whether you meant the statement that the key was in Frank's pocket as a deduction or a statement of evidence?"
Rosser: "That's what I am objecting to. He stated something that was not so. I don't mean that knew it was not so."
Waives Point As Immaterial.
Dorsey: "I don't care anything about that point. It is my recollection that it is true, but I waive it as immaterial."
"Frank says that after looking at the body he identified it as that of the little girl who had been up the day previous and got her money. He went back to the factory, unlocked the safe, got out his books and found out that there was a girl by the name of Mary Phagan who had got her money the day before."
"This made it impossible for a mistake. He might have added, I found her back in the metal room. I made my lascivious proposals to her. She refused me, I struck her too hard and knocked her unconscious. Realizing my predicament, I choked her to death. I had made her envelope out 52 times a year. I had passed her machine every day that she worked. I had called her by name. I had placed me hand on her should.' Of course, it was Mary Phagan. There could be no mistake."
"Frank said in his statement before you. Geesling turned her head toward me. He put his finger in the wound on the back of her head. Her face was scratched. Her right eye was blackened. Her tongue was out and there was a deep indentation in her neck. There was blood on the back of her head. Her face was begrimed and dirty.'"
"Do you mean to say that in that flash that Frank took at the face, if indeed he did take any glance at all that he could have comprehended all this detail?"
"Is Detective Starnes a perjurer? Frank said that in his conversation with Starnes the morning of the murder, he asked over the telephone: What is the matter; has there been a fire at the factory?' He said that Starnes replied: No, there has been a tragedy and we want you down right away.'"
"But Starnes testified that he never used the word tragedy.' And that he gave Frank no intimation of what had happened. Again, it has been imputed that the detectives and police force have centered all their activities against Frank, and they have refused to hold any theory which involved anyone else. But if they had been looking for the easiest man to convict, wouldn't they have picked out someone else than Frank?"
Easier To Have Picked Some One Else.
"It would have been easier if the detectives wanted to move along the line of least resistance to have picked out Newt Lee, Gantt or Conley."
"Again, Newt Lee says that Frank called up Saturday night something that he had never done before. Frank says that he asked about Gantt; that he asked if Gantt had left the factory yet. But Newt Lee says that Gantt's name never was mentioned, and that Frank only asked if anything had happened at the factory."
"Frank had instructed Newt Lee previously not to let Gantt in, whether because he did not want Gantt to see him talking to little Mary Phagan, I do not know. But when he called up Newt Lee that night, you know it was not so much to find out if Gantt had gone as to find out if Newt Lee in making his rounds had discovered the body of the dead girl."
"Frank's lawyers asked you, Would you convict this defendant on this circumstance, or on that circumstance?' No; but I would put all these circumstances together and I would say, in conformity to truth and justice, that they bound an unbreakable strand about this man. They make such a rope, such a strand, such a cable, that it not only is impossible to conceive any doubt at all."
"Frank was in jail. He made a statement that he didn't leave the office between certain hours. Frank didn't know that his own detective, Harry Scott, had found Monteen Stover, who went to the factory that day and found Frank absent."
"In his statement before you, Frank tried to get around this by saying that he had no recollection of leaving his office, although he may have done so unconsciously as men often do. But I tell you that if he had not been back there with Mary Phagan, Monteen Stover would have seen him and got her pay."
"Harry Scott, working with the city detectives, asked Frank these questions: From the time that you came back from Montay's until you went upstairs at 12:50 to see Mrs. White,
did you leave your office?'" Frank said "no."
"Scott asked: From the time that you left Montag's until Mary Phagan came for her pay, did you leave your office?' Frank said no.'
"Can Not Believe Frank's Story."
"Not until Frank saw the wonderful capacity and the wonderful ability the devotion to truth and right of Harry Scott, did he set him out from his councils. Not realizing the importance of his statement, he told his own detective right in the presence of John Black that at no moment from the time return from Montag's until 12:50 did he stir out of his office."
"Do you mean to tell me that a conscientious jury can believe this man in his statement on the stand which throws aside the story he told his own detective? You can do it, but as you live wherever you go, your conscience will oppress you."
"If you, do it, you lose the peace of mind that goes with a clear conscience and that goes with a knowledge of duty well done."
"He indicated nervousness when he talked to Starnes. When Black went out to get him and he sent his wife to the door, he betrayed nervousness by the rapidity in the form of the questions he put."
"But before that he had warned old Newt Lee to come back at 4 o'clock. Dutiful old darky that he was. Newt Lee was there. He found Frank engaged in washing his hands. He sent old Newt out although Newt insisted that he wanted to sleep, and there were plenty of places around that factory where he could have lain down and had a nap. But no, Frank was waiting for Jim Conley. He wanted him to come back and burn that body so that the police of Atlanta today would not have solved the mystery of the death of Mary Phagan and probably would not have known she was killed in the factory."
"Frank Needed to Be Sustained."
"He didn't want Gantt to go into that factory, but met him at the door. Gantt told him he wanted to get a pair of shoes. I was almost providential that Gantt had two pairs of shoes there. Frank hung his head and said he noticed a boy sweeping out a pair of shoes. He gave the color of the pair, but when Gantt insisted that there were two pairs, he allowed him to go in with old Newt Lee. Lo and behold, both pairs were found!"
"Frank told you how he acted on that occasion. Newt Lee told you how he jumped. Starnes and Black said he was nervous. You say (pointing to Frank) it was because of the auto-ride; it was because you had missed breakfast; it was because of the gruesome sight."
"Oh, he needed to be sustained. He needed someone to support him when he sent his wife to the door. He needed someone to support him when he had her telephone to Darley to meet him at the factory. He needed to be sustained when he sent for Haas. He needed to be sustained when he sent for Rosser, big of reputation and big of frame, dominating and controlling so far as he can, everybody he can."
"And this man Darley we had to get into the enemies' camp to get him. Fortunately, I got on the job early and issued a subpoena for him. Fortunately, Darley did not know he did not have to come, so he obeyed and made an affidavit in my office. Therefore, he came up here and upheld his affidavit in so far as he had to."
"Darley said that Frank was nervous and trembled in the factory. He said he shook like an aspen land when he sat on his lap in the automobile. He said in his affidavit to me Frank was completely unstrung."
"This man called for coffee at the factory, as Durant called for Bromo seltzer; trembling and shaking, he said it was due to looking on such a gruesome sight. Durant explained his appearance from inhaling gas. You tell me these statements of his explain away the evidence of his nervousness? No, you know it was only the consciousness of the infamous crime that he had committed."
"That isn't all. This man Grice was going to catch on the second morning after the murder stopped at the factory and saw him. He swore he was nervous."
Trembled in Shoes at Fear of Scott.
At this point the jury was allowed to retire for a soft drink.
"Old Newt Lee says that when he went back to the factory that Saturday afternoon at 4 o'clock," said Dorsey in resuming his argument "he found the inside door locked. He says that Frank came out of his office and given him instructions. That light down in the cellar that had always burned bright was turned down until it glowed no more than a lightening bug. You tell me old Jim Conley felt the necessity of turning down that light? I tell you it was turned down by Leo Frank when he went down to place the notes beside the body after he had found that Jim Conley wasn't coming back to burn it."
"He turned it down in the hopes that Newt Lee would not discover the body that night."
"And here is Harry Scott. It didn't take an affidavit to hold him to the truth, though I tell you I trembled in my shoes after my experience with Darley. While he was their detective, Scott was one of the most important witnesses for the State. For a time, I was fearful he had thrown me down. But he stood by the truth like a man. He said that Frank squirmed and twisted in his seat; rubbed his face, sighed and drew deep breaths."
"On his way to the police station, Darley, the man next to him in power, said he trembled on his knee that he was nervous and pale; that his eyes were large."
"Tuesday morning, just before he was arrested, if he ever was arrested, Policeman Waggoner, sent to watch him from across the street, found him pacing back and forth in his office. He said that he came to the window and looked out at least twelve times within thirty minutes."
Not Dared To Impeach Kelley.
"I have already talked to you about the time element. The defense has shown that McCoy did not have a watch. They have tried to down George Kenly, and there have been impeachments on both sides. They have tried to impeach George Epps, but there is one man for the State upon whom they have not dared to cast suspicion. That is this man M. Kelly, who rode on the same car with Matthews and Hollis from Broad and Marietta streets to beyond Hunter. He says that he knew Hollis and Matthews and that he knew Mary Phagan was not on the car. There is no impeachment of him."
"Mr. Rosser says that he does not care anything about the medical evidence that he paid but little attention to it. Well, gentlemen of the jury, I am not going back on my praising, and there is nothing more wholesome for the normal stomach than cabbage, cornbread and buttermilk, and it's good enough for any man."
"Rosser's words that he does not care for the medical evidence are belied by the number of men they brought in on this particular evidence. They did not bring one reputable chemist to refute the testimony of Dr. Roy F. Harris. They brought in surgeons and general practitioners. Why, I would not be surprised if their reason or going out to get these general practitioners was not in the effort to get some of the family physicians to bring here and influence the jury."
Arnold objected.
"Your honor," he said, "that is absolutely unfair. It is insulting to the jury."
"I insist that my words are eminently proper," said Dorsey. "I have not changed any fact. I am simply expressing my opinion. I am going to compare the qualifications of the physicians they brought in with that of the experts we placed upon the stand. They went out and got general practitioners, and I am bringing out the fact that there must have been some other reason than any knowledge their physicians might have."
"Go on," said Judge Roan.
"I thought so," said Dorsey.
Arnold Objects To Dorsey's Statements.
"Your honor, we object to that," said Arnold. "He has no right to make such comments as that."
"He has the right to comment on his opinion," said Judge Roan.
"Well, we want both of our objections recorded, your honor," said Arnold. "Of course, you may rule them out, but we insist on it just the same."
"I can see no other reason," continued Dorsey, "for going out and getting general practitioners
except upon that theory, and I saw that the number of doctors put up here by the defense belies the statements of Mr. Rosser that they did not attach much importance to the State's contention that little Mary Phagan met her death at a certain time."
"I say, gentlemen of the jury, that Mary Phagan met her death some time between the time she entered the factory shortly after noon and the time Mrs. White came in at 12:35 or whatever time it was and found Frank at the safe and Frank jumped at the sight of her."
"Then they put this young man of seven years' experience, the young man from Michigan against Dr. Roy F. Harris, secretary of the Georgia State Board of Health, a native born Georgian and one of the most eminent authorities in the State. Mr. Rosser says that he admitted Dr. Harris' father to the bar and that his father was one of the brainiest men he ever knew, but that his son is not of the same quality."
"But, gentlemen of the jury, will you take the opinion of the young men of seven years' experience and the other young men, the pathologist of Alsace Loraine, against the opinion of Dr. Harris. Take this man Olmstead, surgeon of the Georgia Railway and Electric Company, a man who saws off bones and experiments with cabbage in diseased stomachs. Why this man had a perfect diarrhea of words and constipation of ideas. You tell me that his word and that of the other general practitioners tis to be taken against such testimony as that of Roy Harris, a pathologist of note, and against Clarence Johnson and of Niles and Funke?"
"I want to read you here an excerpt from the address of a lawyer named Hammond, who was prosecuting a man by the name of Dunbar for the murder of two little children. His words are better than I could speak. It will explain the cause of all this nervousness of Leo Frank."
Nature's Accusation, He
Calls Nervousness.
"It had to come, a mighty secret of fact in his heart, the overwhelming consciousness of guilt. It was nature overburdened with a terrible load that spoke. It was fear, remorse and terror, remorse for the past and terror for the future. Special shadows dotted before him, the specter of the girl, this trial, the gallows, and infamy. Guilt forces itself into the speech and conduct and is its own betrayer."
"So far not a word about Conley. Let us discuss Conley for a moment. We can leave Conley out and we have got a course of conduct indicative of guilt, because it is consistent with the theory of guilt and inconsistent with any other hypothesis."
"Is Dalton a low-down character? If so, is he not exactly the kind of a man that would be found consorting with this woman. Daisy Hopkins, I grant you that Dalton in his younger days was not what he would have been. You brought witnesses from Walton County to testify as to his bad character, but we took Dalton after he got to Atlanta and did for him what you didn't dare to do for Daisy Hopkins. We gave him a good character. Rosser says, Once a thief, always a thief.' He says that a thief is eternally damned, but Christ in His dying agony on the cross turned to the thief at his side and said, This day shall thou be with Me in Paradise.'"
"If our religion teaches anything, it teaches that a thief can be reformed; that he may be rehabilitated and become a useful member of society."
"Did we sustain Dalton? By far more witnesses than you put here to impeach him. Did we sustain Dalton? We sustained him not only as to character, but also by C. T. Mayer, unimpeached and unimpeachable, who testified that he actually saw Dalton go into the pencil factory with a woman."
"Corroboration of Conley? Of course, it's corroboration of Conley. They failed absolutely and ingloriously to explain this woman, Daisy Hopkins, which is another corroboration of Conley."
Rosser Could Have Found
Who Dressed Up Conley.
"Rosser said he would give anything to know who dressed Jim Conely up. If he would use half the effort to find this out that he did to impeach Dalton he would have found it out really enough. The man who dressed up this negro, whom you would have dressed in deserved not the condemnation but the praise of this jury."
"Let us see why Jim Conley should now have been delivered into the hands of the police, which, if no better than the Sheriff, are just as good."
Dorsey picked up a copy of the plea in the habeas corpus proceedings which resulted in the removal of Conley from the county jail back to the police station, and read it through.
"This plea charged many things,"
Continued on Page 12, Column 1.
PAGE 4
SECRETS OF THE FRANK, GUILTY JURY THAT CONVICTED FRANK GOING TO LAST DAY IN COURT DEPUTY MINOR A.H. HENSLEE
F. E. WINBURN
J. T. OSBURN
C. J. BOSSHARDT
A. L. WISBEY
J. F. HIGHDON
E.V.L. SMITH
M.S. WOODWARD
W. F. MEDCALF
M. JOHENNING
D. TOWNSEND
W. M. JEFFRIES
JUROR REVEALS HOW
VERDICT WAS REACHED
The Georgian today reveals some of the innermost secrets of the jury which convicted Leo M. Frank of the murder of little Mary Phagan. This inside story of the greatest criminal case in the South's history is an intensely interesting revelation of the workings of men's minds.
It casts upon the various points made by the defense and the prosecution the light in which they were viewed by the twelve men who were chosen to act as the judges. It ends with the last memorable meeting of these men on the top floor of the courthouse Monday afternoon which culminated in the fateful verdict: "We the jury find the defendant guilty."
The information is given herewith as it was obtained by a reporter for this newspaper from one of the jurors late Monday night while the full weight of his grim burden still rested upon him. It is told in his own, impressive words.
"It was the only thing we could do. The evidence was against Frank from start to finish. And so we did our duty, as we had sworn to do."
Dorsey's Youth and
Sincerity Won.
"It would be hard to say what, of all the trial, made the greatest impression on the jury. It was probably the Solicitor General himself. He was a marvel. His youthful appearance, coupled with his sincerity, made a wonderful hit. There wasn't a minute of the hours that he spoke that he didn't seem to mean every word that he uttered."
"Dorsey is a forceful speaker. He puts emphasis behind his words. And he drives his points clear in and clinched, them on the other side. They had stuck with us. They had the evidence behind them to make them stick."
"His theory of the murder was the one we accepted. It was the one the evidence upheld. That was the way Frank killed that girl."
"While the negro watched downstairs, he took the little girl back into the metal room and struck her, and then with a cord strangled her to death. Then those notes were written as the negro told us and placed beside the body."
"In the Dorsey's argument there was one little sentence which seemed to imbed itself in the minds of every man on the jury, when he was speaking of the agreement between Frank and Conley that the negro should come back to the factory and burn the body. The sentence was this: And if the smoke from that little girl's burning body had gone curling up into the air, old Jim Conley would have hanged for another man's crime.'"
Hooper's Action
Had Its Effect.
"Those words went a long way toward keeping Jim Conley from Hanging, probably. They drew a contrast between right and wrong which made us look again into the evidence before us. And the narrow escape which the negro had made us shudder."
"There was another thing which impressed that jury. It was Frank Hooper's sacrifice to Dorsey. We called it that. Hooper had the chance of
Continued on Page 3, Column 1.
PAGE 6
JUROR REVEALS GRAPHIC STORY OF VERDICT
Interesting Account of Work of
Frank's Judges Is Unfolded by
One of Them.
Continued from Page 1.
his lifetime there to
make a wonderful speech when he opened the State's argument. We were half expecting one. His reputation was known to us. And when he ended there was some disappointment. We said he had not done his best.
"Then we saw his sacrifices. He had only made a plain statement of the State's case and left for the Solicitor General whatever fame and fortune there was to be won by the State's counsel."
"The jury heard none of the cheering for Dorsey outside the courtroom at any time. We heard the crowds in the courtroom laugh at times, and we laughed, too, but that had no effect."
"Probably the hardest job we had was to sit there and face Frank's mother and his wife with the slowly growing feeling of the defendant's guilt. Some of the jurors cried when Frank's wife broke down following his speech. It was an impressive thing to us. Yet it didn't effect the evidence."
Frank's Speech
Caused Wonder.
"The trouble with Frank's speech was the same as the trouble with the entire defense. The evidence declared to us that he was guilty and no words of his could disprove that fact. Everybody felt the weight his wonderful calm and dispassionate manner carried while he was talking. Yet the marvel was that a guilty man could do it. That was all."
"The defense made a wonderful fight with the evidence they had. Mr. Arnold was admired for his skillful work by every member of the jury. We saw every point that he brought out, and yet they all lacked weight."
"Probably nothing else in the whole case was of more interest to us that Luther Rosser's cross-examination of Conley. We thought it was a master's display of human ingenuity. Yet in the jury's mind it was like skyrocket, soaring up into the heavens to cast its fountain of brilliance about and then die out. The negro's story remained as he had told it. That had a tremendous effect in the verdict."
"Then there was that cabbage. It was astonishing the amount of knowledge was displayed by the members of the jury when the technicalities of medicine were brought out. We understood it all. The specimen of cabbage taken from the little Phagan girl's stomach was passed around amongst us in the jury room and we could easily see that it had not been digested."
"That also had its effect. There were men amongst us who luckily were well up on digestion. The experts said very little that we did not understand. But I will venture to say that few of the men of that jury will ever eat cabbage again."
Full Force of Deputy Strikes Home.
"It is a terrific thing to be on a jury which holds a man's life in its hands. The weight seems heaviest during the early days of the trial. You are struck with the somber faces of your fellow jurymen first; then in the mirror you see that your own face is as somber as the real, and the full force of the duty in front of you strikes home. You realize that before you become a freeman again you shall have disposed of the life of a fellowman."
"Yet, strange to say, there wasn't one among us who tried to flinch from his full share of the work. Each seemed eager from the start to do what he had sworn to do, and the determination seemed to grow as the days passed. When we left the courtroom this afternoon with the judge's charge there wasn't a doubt in the mind of anyone of us that justice would be done. I think that thought, in a great measure, was the cause for our quick decision."
"Of course, we didn't dream that the case would last as long as it did. Some of us hadn't prepared for it. It meant a loss of a great deal of money to many of the men. Yet when this was brought up along in the second week, when no end was in sight, it took only one mention of the task before us to make all else look infinitesimally small. Jurydom is a sphere where money is not known."
First Week Was Longest of All.
"The first week of the trial was longer than all the rest put together. It was a bit difficult for us to get acquainted. We were all a little bit suspicious of each other. Outside of a few comments on immaterialities, practicality nothing was said about the case. We didn't care to talk about it, even to our roommates."
"Then somebody brought in a checker board and someone else a deck of cards. The social life in jury quarters blossomed out in full blast."
"It was a most welcome diversion, too. We had little enough exercise as it was and there was nothing left but to brood on the case."
"And by the middle of the second week, there wasn't a more sociable and jolly set of men this side of
FRANK AND HIS WIFE HEAR JURY'S VERDICT
Frank received the news with fortitude the news with fortitude and appeared to be more concerned about his wife than himself.
The verdict of the jury was announced to Frank and his wife by Rabbi Marx and Dr. Rosenberg.
heaven, I don't believe. There were checker matches and setback tournaments and a great rivalry for the championships. I don't believe that there was an amateur among the bunch which went into that jury who didn't come out an expert. With nothing else to do much at night, one can learn a great deal about cards and checkers in three weeks."
"There was no gambling. And each Sunday we read from the Bible and sang religious songs. In fact, we held regular services every Sabbath day. It didn't matter what churches we belonged to; each was as fervent as the other. While in Rome we did as the Romans do. Seriously, though, I think that the proposition we were up against in judging of a man's life had a good deal do with that fervor."
Same Word On Each Jury Slip.
"As for the judgement witnessed, there is little to say. As weighty as the task may seem, it was simple. There was but one ballot and on the twelve slips which were handed into Foreman Winburn the single word guilty' was written. Yet, no one seemed surprised. There was an unanimity of feeling amongst us."
"Don't think that we had not considered the case fully. And don't think that there was a man amongst
FRANK ENTERING JAIL AFTER ROAN'S CHARGE
Leo M. Frank
us that wanted to do what we did. Yet, day after day, the pressure grew heavier, as the case was put before us. From a slight head it became an oppression; then a nausea and at last a sickening scene of the grim fact that, Frank was guilty and we were going to give the world that verdict."
"It was horrible that time we spent in deliberation. Everyone knew what was going to be done, though hardly a word was spoken, until we had agreed. We were spellbound with dread. Then someone suggested a drink. That enlivened us and we began to breathe again."
"You ask what brought us to our verdict so readily? I have told you. It was the only thing that could be done, and we knew it, even as we ascended the stairs to the jury this afternoon. No argument was needed."
PAGE 4
JUDGE STAYS SENTENCE; NEW TRIAL TO BE ASKED
Luther Rosser, chief of counsel for Leo M. Frank, convicted of the murder of Mary Phagan, announced Tuesday that he would make a motion before Judge L. S. Roan during the day asking a new trial for his client.
Rosser declared that if the motion was denied he would at once make preparations to carry the case to the Supreme Court of the State of Georgia.
Judge Roan announced Tuesday that he had held up the sentence of Frank temporarily and that he had not definitely decided at what time he would pronounce the penalty for the crime of murder of which Frank was found guilty Monday afternoon.
It is known that Luther Rosser and Reuben Arnold, attorneys for the convicted man, are preparing for a fight for his life through the highest courts, although they would issue formal statement Tuesday.
The two lawyers are resting for a few days from the exhausting struggle in which they engaged for four full weeks, but within a short time they will resume their efforts to prove the young factory superintendent an innocent man.
The report that Attorney Rosser had collapsed proved untrue. He told the newspapermen Tuesday that aside from a severe hoarseness he felt as lively and belligerent as ever.
Emil Selig, the father-in-law of Frank, brought him his breakfast Tuesday morning. The convicted man, if he suffered any shock from the verdict Monday, was said to have recovered entirely from it by the morning. He was as stoical as ever and even while in the shadow of the gallows he expressed himself as just as certain that he ultimately would be exonerated of the terrible crime as he was on the first day he was suspected.
Mob Influences Jury, He Says
"My God! Even the jury is influenced by mob law, "were the words with which he greeted the news of the verdict Monday afternoon.
Frank was with his wife at the Tower when the intelligence came. Rabbi Marx, Dr. Rosenberg, the Frank family physician, and a number of other friends were in the office of Sheriff Mangum, Dr. Rosenberg arriving some minutes after the verdict was known at the courthouse.
Rabbi Marx and Dr. Rosenberg went with the news to the man and his wife.
"The Jury has found you guilty, Leo," said the physician.
Mrs. Frank screamed and broke into hysterical weeping. It was her husband who calmed her and assured her that everything would be all right in the end.
Persuades Her To Leave Jail.
Within a few minutes he persuaded her to leave the jail in company with Rabbi Marx and Dr. Rosenberg. The traces of the fears were still on her face when she came through the corridor. With the aid of her escort she
PAGE 5
FRANK'S ATTORNEYS TO CARRY PLEA FOR A NEW TRIAL TO HIGHEST COURT
Continued from Page 1.
avoided the newspaper men and entered the waiting automobile.
Dr. B. Wildauer came down shortly after. "I am an innocent today as I was a year ago," was Frank's comment on the verdict, according to Dr. Wildauer.
The blinds of the Selig home at No. 68 East Georgia avenue, where Frank and his wife lived with her parents, were closed Tuesday morning. Neighbors said that Mr. and Mrs. Selig and their daughter had stayed with relatives over night.
Judge Must, Under Verdict,
Pass Sentence of Death
Just four months after the murder of Mary Phagan, Leo M. Frank stands convicted of the slaying of the slaying of thee 13-year-old girl in the National Pencil factory.
No recommendation for life imprisonment was made by the jurors, this circumstance making it imperative, according to the charge by Judge L. S. Roan, that a sentence of death by hanging be passed upon him. Judge Roan declined to say Tuesday the exact time when he would pass sentence.
Neither the prisoner, his relatives, friends nor any of his counsel appeared in the courtroom when the dread verdict was rendered. The sole representative of the defendant was Stiles Hopkins, a member of the firm of Rosser, Brandon, Sigton & Phillips, who was designated present and nave for Attorneys Rosser and Arnold the presence of the prisoner. A motion for a new trial will be made by Rosser and Arnold.
Populace Cheers Verdict.
The jurors were quick in arriving at their ballot. The case was given into their hands at 12:49. They went immediately to lunch and returned to the courthouse at 1:35. They proceeded to the election to the election of Fred Winburn as foreman and entered upon an informal discussion of the merits of the case. It was apparent that the jurymen were practically of one mind. They cast their ballot. At 3:21 it was known that the verdict was "guilty." At 4:56 the result was announced in the courtroom.
To avoid any sort of a demonstration, the courtroom was cleared of all spectators when it became known that the jury was ready to render its verdict. Everyone was excluded except Solicitor Dorsey, Attorney Hooper and attaches of Dorsey's office, several other members of the bar and newspaper man.
Hardly had Foreman Winburn read the words which branded the young factory superintendent a murderer before a mighty shout went up outside the building. The great crowds surging on all sides of the courthouse seemed to have had occult knowledge of the verdict at the very instant it was given utterance.
The news spread like magic. While the cheers still were rending the air, newsboys swooped down upon the courthouse and radiated in different directions from their offices, crying the extras on the verdict.
Frank was in the Tower with his young wife when the verdict was returned.
"My God! Even the jury was influenced by mob law," was the exclamation with which the accused man met the news of the verdict of guilty.
"I am as innocent as I was one year ago," be continued.
Frank would not talk at length to the newspaper men. His wife, who had shown the strain of the last hours of the trial throughout the day, collapsed in tears. Rabbi Marx and other friends of the family were at the tail when the fateful news came. They declared that nothing had developed since the beginning of the trial to shake their belief in Frank's entire innocence.
After the concluding words of the judge's charge Monday afternoon, the jury fled from the courtroom and several score of persons took advantage of the leniency of the court deputies to crowd inside the doors.
In a haze of smoke from innumerable cigars and cigarettes and from the explosion of flash light powder, the motley roomful of spectators waited impatiently for some sign that jurors were ready to return to the room. Any unexplained move on the part of Sheriff Mangum or one of his deputies was the signal for a little flurry and the rumor that a verdict had been reached.
Frank's Presence Waived.
Several newspaper men sat on the sixth floor of the uncompleted new courthouse and calmly watched the proceedings of the jurymen on the fourth floor of the old building. The election of Winburn as foreman was noted, as well as other retails incident to the deliberations. Finally, it became known that a verdict had been reached. This was an hour before the jurors came down stairs. Judge Roan was sent for. An effort was made to get Solicitor Dorsey, but he could not be reached at once.
Assistant Solicitor E. A. Stephens and Frank Hooper, Dorsey's associates in the case, entered the courtroom and immediately were inserted in conference with Judge Roan. The discussion was in regard to the waiving of the prisoner's presence in the courtroom.
The two attorneys did not wish to speak definitely for the Solicitor on the matter, but neither could see any objection to this procedure - if the waiving was formally made by a representative of Rosser's firm. A little later the spectators were disappointed by the order to clear the courtroom. Dorsey entered just as this order was given. Within five minutes the jury was in the courtroom and the verdict had been returned.
Frank's Friends Hopeful;
I'm Vindicated'---Lanford
Though he has been convicted or the most terrible crime in the history of the South, the friends who have stood steadfastly by Leo Frank during the four long months since Mary Phagan's body was found have not deserted him. They still persist that he is innocent and declare that time will uncover the guilty person and give the young factory superintendent his freedom.
Rabbi David Marx, one of Frank's staunchest supporters, who has been with the convicted superintendent almost constantly since he was first arrested on suspicion of being connected with the crime, was one of the most surprised men in Atlanta when the verdict was returned. He had confidently expected an acquittal, but even with the sentence of death hanging over Frank's head, the devotion with which Rabbi Marx has stood by Frank which has been the admiration even of those who believed Frank guilty does not falter.
Rabbi Marx Astounded.
Dr. Marx was with Frank when the latter was notified of the verdict, and he suffered almost as heavily as the convicted man.
"I am stunned and surprised," Dr. Marx said. "I can not believ
e it. I know Leo Frank is innocent I know he is incapable of such a crime. My faith in him has not been shaken by the verdict of the jury. I ask that the public suspend final judgement until an appeal for a new trial is made."
Shortly after Frank had been notified of the verdict Dr. Marx left the jail for a conference with Frank's attorneys. He returned later to lend what comfort he could do to the prisoner, and remained with him in his cell until a late hour.
Fair Trial, Says Lanford.
Chief of Detectives Newport Lanford, head of the department which aided in securing the evidence that convicted Frank, has issued a statement declaring that the trial of the factory superintendent was the fairest he had ever seen.
"I have never figured in a case where the prisoner was given more privileges and liberties than Frank has received," Chief Lanford declared. "A body of twelve men in high standing in the community have found him guilty of the murder of Mary Phagan, and, in my opinion, the verdict was a just one. I think nearly everyone who is familiar with the case believes him guilty."
"It is very gratifying to the members of my department that the jury, after careful deliberation, found Frank guilty. I am not surprised at the verdict, however, nor are any of the detectives who have worked on the case."
"We have worked very had since little Mary Phagan was murdered and have tried to get at the truth regarding the terrible crime. We have been severely condemned by a few persons, most of whom are unfamiliar with the case and with police methods of obtaining evidence, but the verdict of the jury is a complete vindication of our department. We feel that we have received the greatest reward possible the conviction of the man responsible for the death of Mary Phagan."
Phone Worked Overtime.
The interest in the residence sections of the city was fully as great as downtown when the verdict came in Monday. Officials of the Southern Bell Telephone Company have made the statement that never in the history of the company have the city telephones been in such universal use as Monday afternoon. Three times as many calls were registered between 3 and 6 o'clock, when the excitement was at its greatest height, as have ever been registered before during an entire day. A special corps of operators was on duty at the exchanges, but they were swamped with the volume of the calls and were unable to attend to more than half of them.
FRANK ENTERING JAIL AFTER ROAN'S CHARGE
Leo M. Frank
Pierce Loses Pinkerton Job
By Actions in Phagan Case
As a result of the charges made by the police of unfair dealings by the Pinkerton operatives in the investigation of the Phagan case. H. B. Pierce, superintendent of the agency in Atlanta, tendered his resignation. It was promptly accepted by A. K. Corwardin, general superintendent, of New Orleans, who arrived in the city Monday.
Insubordination to the agency's rule demanding the co-operation of its operatives with the local police in criminal investigations was charged against the superintendent.
The specific charge which brought about the removal of Pierce grew out of the finding of the blood-stained stick on the first floor of the pencil factory by Pinkerton operatives. It was claimed by the police that the stick was withheld from them by Pierce, to whom it was turned in by the finders, and the butt of a buggy whip substituted. The stick itself was turned over to the defense.
"This action by Mr. Pierce was in direct opposition to the rules of the Pinkerton Agency," said Mr. Corwardin. "Our charter to operate in Atlanta carries the agreement that our men withhold nothing from the city police which they may secure in investigations of criminal cases."
"Explicit orders demanding that this agreement be carried through to the letter have been in effect in the Atlanta office since the agency was started here, and when Mr. Pierce disobeyed them, there was but one thing left to do."
While no intimation was given by General Superintendent Corwardin as to who would be Pierce's successor, it is generally reported that Harry Scott would be appointed to fill the position. The report is founded on the withdrawal of Scott's appointment to the superintendency of the Houston, Texas, office, which was made shortly before the charges against Pierce were made public. This promotion of Scott was made as a result of his work in the Phagan case investigation, in which he was the field marshal for the Pinkertons.
Mr. Corwardin admitted that Scott would stay in Atlanta.
PAGE 7
FRANK SENTENCED TO HANG OCT. 10
Condemned Man Protests His Innocence to the Court
FRANK AND HIS WIFE HEAR JURY'S VERDICT
Frank received the news with fortitude the news with fortitude and appeared to be more concerned about his wife than himself. The verdict of the jury was announced to Frank and his wife by Rabbi Marx and Dr. Rosenberg.
ROSSER ASKS FOR NEW TRIAL; PREPARES TO GO TO SUPREME COURT
Still protesting his innocence, Leo M. Frank, college graduate and superintendent of the National Pencil Factory, was Tuesday sentenced "to hang by the neck until dead" on October 10, by Judge L. S. Roan before a small crowd of attorneys, newspapermen and a few friends.
Attorneys, Reuben Arnold and Luther Rosser, who had already branded the trial held for four weeks as a farce in which the jury was influenced by "mob sentiment." Judge Roan fixed October 4 as the date for hearing arguments.
A long and notable legal fight is certain over the effort to save Frank from paying the penalty fixed by the court. The case will be carried to the highest courts if Judge Roan refuses a new trial.
There was the hush of horror as the dreadful "Hanged by the neck until dead, and may God have mercy on your soul," were uttered by the judge. The signs of Franks emotion were few as ever. A few minutes later he was asserting, clearly and calmly his entire innocence.
Frank heard his sentence with but a slight show of nervousness. He stood leaning slightly against the railing in front of the judge's bench looking straight into Judge Roan's eyes. Occasionally he moistened his lips, but otherwise he was calm. His eyes though were bloodshot and his skin more pronouncedly white than ever before.
Judge Roan addressed him:
"The jury which has been trying you for the last several weeks has found you guilty. Have you anything to say why sentence should not be passed on you at this time?"
Frank leaned slightly against the railing and placed one hand behind his back before replying. Then he said in a calm, even voice:
"Your Honor, I say now as I have always said: I am innocent. Further than that, I will state that my case is in the hands of my counsel."
The prisoner's voice was so low that for a moment his hearers were not aware that he had finished a deathly silence reigned. Then Judge Roan spoke:
"Your counsel inform me that they will move for a new trial," he said, addressing Frank, "but in the meantime, it is my sworn duty to pass sentence on you."
"I have tried to give you a fair trial. I may have erred, but I have done my duty as my conscience dictated."
Judge Roan then picked up from his desk the sheet of paper upon which his sentence was written. As he did so, through some slight misunderstanding, the crowd arose to its feet.
"Take your seats; take your seats," said Judge Roan, then read the sentence. In legal form, it was this:
"The State against Leo M. Frank; indictment for murder; Fulton County Superior Court, May Term, 1913. Verdict of guilty. July term, August 25, 1913."
"Whereupon it is considered ordered and adjudged by the court that the defendant, Leo M. Frank, be taken from the bar of this court to the common jail in the County of Fulton, and that he be safely there kept until his final execution in the manner fixed by law:"
< p>"It is further adjudged by the Court that on the tenth day of October, 1913, that the defendant, Leo M. Frank, he executed by the Sheriff of Fulton County in private, witnessed only by the executing officer, a sufficient guard, the relatives of the said defendant and such clergymen and friends as he may desire:"
"Such execution to take place in the common pall of Fulton County, and that said defendant on that day between the hours of 10 o'clock a.m. and 2 o'clock p.m. be by the Sheriff of Fulton County banged by the neck until he shall be dead, and may God have mercy on your soul."
"In open court, this 26th day of August, 1913. L. S. Roan, Judge of the Stone Mountain Circuit, presiding."
"When Judge Roan had finished reading the sentence Frank sank back into a chair between his two friends, Leo Strauss and Julian Boehm. His face had grown a bit paler, but the calm stolidity which characterized his attitude throughout the grim proceeding remained.
Attorney Reuben Arnold, who had defended Frank at the trial, arose and addressed Judge Roan.
"Your honor," he said, "we make a motion for a new trial."
"I will hear the arguments on the motion on October 4," replied Judge Roan.
Luther Rosser, Frank's chief of counsel, as heard to remark, aside when this date was fixed: "Well, that will extend the time of execution then."
At 10:40 o'clock Frank took his place between two deputy sheriffs and was escorted down to an automobile waiting below and whisked off to the jail. At the doorway to the Thrower building another automobile containing Mrs. Leo Frank was waiting. When Frank emerged from the building, he exchanged glanced with his wife, but no words were spoken.
When the machine with the prisoner moved out into the street towards the jail Mrs. Frank's automobile fell in behind and followed.
No Women Hear
Sentence Passed.
But a few persons not more than 30 in all heard the passing of the sentence. Amongst them there were but two of Frank's friends, Strauss and Boehm. The other witnesses were made up of Sheriff Mangum, half a dozen deputy sheriffs, numerous court attaches and newspapermen. There were no women in the courtroom.
Frank came in before this counsel. Smilingly the nodded to those in the
PAGE 8
JURY THAT CONVICTED FRANK GOING TO LAST DAY IN COURT
DEPUTY MINOR
A.H.
HENSLEE
F. E. WINBURN
J. T. OSBURN
C. J. BOSSHARDT
A. L. WISBEY
J. F. HIGHDON
E.V.L. SMITH
M.S. WOODWARD
W. F. MEDCALF
M. JOHENNING
D. TOWNSEND
W. M. JEFFRIES
WIFE, MOTHER EMBRACE
FRANK AFTER SENTENCE
Continued from Page 1.
room. Shortly after he had taken a seat Rosser and Arnold came in and took seats close by Frank.
To Arnold, Frank leaned over and whispered:
"What shall I say?"
"That your case is in the hands of your counsel," replied the attorney.
Sheriff Mangum escorted the judge to his bench and stood during the reading of the sentence with his back to the window near the bench, facing the crowd. He did not look at Frank throughout the proceedings.
At the close of the sentence there was no demonstration of any kind. Quietly the crowd filed out behind Frank and waited until the elevator, descending from the fourth floor with the prisoner and his captors only, returned for them.
Wife and Mother
Embrace Prisoner.
The automobile bearing Frank, with the fateful words "sentenced to hang by the neck till dead" still echoing in his ears, arrived back at the grim old Tower at 10:40 o'clock. Frank stepped out between Deputies Burdette and Owens. His face was a bit sallower, hie eyes a little wider open. Otherwise he was the same astoundingly cool prisoner.
The trio walked to the jail door and Frank asked his escorts to wait a moment. A minute later another car drew up and the devoted wife of the convicted slayer alighted, Deputy Scuttles at her side.
Frank's face lighted up. Mrs. Frank smiled the tragic smile of courage and loyalty and they were clasped in each other's arms, the young wife showering kisses on the man who had just heard his doom pronounced.
They disappeared into the gloom of the jail corridor, Mrs. Frank's arm around her husband's shoulder a shielding, motherly embrace that touched the men who walked with averted faces at Frank's side.
A moment more and Frank was in his mother's arms at the cell screened from foreign eyes and words of hopes showered upon him to drown the echo of the terrible pronouncement of a brief while back.
The young woman was dressed in black, relieved only by a white lace collar. She looked composed, but the traces of a night and weeping were in her eyes. The mother was pale and worn. Neither would talk to newspaper men.
Mob Influences
Jury, He Says
Emil Selig, the father-in-law of Frank, brought him his breakfast Tuesday morning. The convicted man, if he suffered any shock from the verdict Monday, was said to have recovered entirely from it by the morning. He was as stoical as ever and even while in the shadow of the gallows he expressed himself as just as certain that he ultimately would be exonerated of the terrible crime as he was on the first day he was suspected.
"My God'. Even the jury is influenced by mob Law," were the words with which he greeted the news of the verdict Monday afternoon.
Frank was with his wife at the Tower when the intelligence came Rabbi Marx, Dr. Rosenberg, the Frank family physician, and a number of their friends were in the office of Sheriff Mangum, Dr. Rosenberg arriving some minutes after the verdict was known at his courthouse.
Rabbi Marx and Dr. Rosenberg went with the news to the accused man and his wife.
"The jury has found you guilty, see," said the physician.
Mrs. Frank screamed and broke into hysterical weeping. It was her husband who calmed her and assured her that everything would be all right in the end.
Within a few minutes he persuaded her to leave the jail in company with Rabbi Marx and Dr. Rosenberg. The traces of the tears were still on her face when she came through the corridor. With the aid of her escort, she avoided the newspaper men and entered the waiting automobile.
Dr. B. Wildauer came down shortly after. "I am as innocent today as I was a year ago," was Frank's comment on the verdict, according to Dr. Wildauer.
The blinds of the Selig home at No. 68 East Georgia avenue, where Frank and his wife lived with her parents, were closed Tuesday morning. Neighbors said that Mr. and Mrs. Selig and their daughter had stayed with relatives overnight.
Pierce Loses out
Because of Case.
As a result of the charges made by the police of unfair dealings by the Pinkerton operatives in the investigation of the Phagan case. H. R. Pierce, superintendent of the agency in Atlanta, tendered his resignation. It was promptly accepted by A. L. Corwardin, general superintendent, of New Orleans, who arrived in the city Monday.
Insubordination to the agency's rule demanding the co-operation of its operatives with the local police in criminal investigations was charged against the superintendent.
The specific charge which brought about the removal of Pierce grew out of the finding of the blood-stained stick on the first floor of the pencil factory by Pinkterton operatives. It was claimed by police that the stick was withheld form them by Pierce, to whom it was turned in by the finders, and the butt of a buggy whip substituted. The stick itself was turned over to the defense.
"This action by Mr. Pierce was in direct opposition to the rules of the Pinkerton Agency," said Mr. Corwardin. "Our charter to operate in Atlanta carries the agreement that our men withhold nothing from the city police which they may secure in investigations, of criminal cases."
"Explicit orders demanding that this agreement be carried through to the letter have been in effect in the Atlanta office since the agency was started here, and when Mr. Pierce disobeyed the, t
here was but one thing left to do."
While no intimation was given by General Superintendent Corwardin as to who would be Pierce's successor, it is generally reported that Harry Scott would be appointed to fill the position. The report is founded on the withdrawal of Scott's appointment to the superintendency of the Houston, Texas, office, which was made shortly before the charges against Pierce were made public. This promotion of Scott was made as a result of his work in the Phagan case investigation, in which he was the field marshal for the Pinkertons.
Mr. Corwardin admitted that Scott would stay in Atlanta.
Trial a Farce, Say Attorneys
L. Z. Rosser and Reuben Arnold, counsel for Leo Frank, issued the following statement this morning:
"We deem it not amiss to make a short statement, as the attorneys of Leo M. Frank, to the public."
"The trial which has just occurred, and which has resulted in Mr. Frank's conviction, was a farce and not in any way a trial. In saying this, we do not make the least criticism of Judge Roan who presided. Judge Roan is one of the best men in Georgia, and is an able and conscientious judge."
"The temper of the public mind was such that it invaded the courtroom and invaded the streets and made itself manifest at every turn the jury made; and it was just as impossible for this jury to escape the effects of this public feeling as if they had been turned loose and had been permitted to mingle with the people."
"In doing this we are making no criticism of the jury. They were only men, and unconsciously this prejudice rendered any other verdict impossible."
"It would have required a jury of stoics, a jury of Spartans, to have withstood this situation."
"The time ought to come when this man will get a fair trial, and we profoundly believe that it will."
"The final judgement of the American people is a fair one. It is sometimes delayed in coming, but it comes."
"We entered into this case with the profound conviction of Mr. Frank's innocence. The result has not changed our opinion. Every step of the trial has intensified and fortified our profound conviction of his innocence."
"L. Z. ROSSER,
"H. R. ARNOLD."
Frank's Friends Hopeful;
I'm Vindicated'---Lanford
Though he has been convicted or the most terrible crime in the history of the South, the friends who have stood steadfastly by Leo Frank during the four long months since Mary Phagan's body was found have not deserted him. They still persist that he is innocent and declare that time will uncover the guilty person and give the young factory superintendent his freedom.
Rabbi David Marx, one of Frank's staunchest supporters, who has been with the convicted superintendent almost constantly since he was first arrested on suspicion of being connected with the crime, was one of the most surprised men in Atlanta when the verdict was returned. He had confidently expected an acquittal, but even with the sentence of death hanging over Frank's head, the devotion with which Rabbi Marx has stood by Frank which has been the admiration even of those who believed Frank guilty does not falter.
Rabbi Marx Astounded.
Dr. Marx was with Frank when the latter was notified of the verdict, and he suffered almost as heavily as the convicted man.
"I am stunned and surprised," Dr. Marx said. "I can not believe it. I know Leo Frank is innocent I know he is incapable of such a crime. My faith in him has not been shaken by the verdict of the jury. I ask that the public suspend final judgement until an appeal for a new trial is made."
Shortly after Frank had been notified of the verdict Dr. Marx left the jail for a conference with Frank's attorneys. He returned later to lend what comfort he could do to the prisoner, and remained with him in his cell until a late hour.
Fair Trial, Says Lanford.
Chief of Detectives Newport Lanford, head of the department which aided in securing the evidence that convicted Frank, has issued a statement declaring that the trial of the factory superintendent was the fairest he had ever seen.
"I have never figured in a case where the prisoner was given more privileges and liberties than Frank has received," Chief Lanford declared. "A body of twelve men in high standing in the community have found him guilty of the murder of Mary Phagan, and, in my opinion, the verdict was a just one. I think nearly everyone who is familiar with the case believes him guilty."
"It is very gratifying to the members of my department that the jury, after careful deliberation, found Frank guilty. I am not surprised at the verdict, however, nor are any of the detectives who have worked on the case."
"We have worked very had since little Mary Phagan was murdered and have tried to get at the truth regarding the terrible crime. We have been severely condemned by a few persons, most of whom are unfamiliar with the case and with police methods of obtaining evidence, but the verdict of the jury is a complete vindication of our department. We feel that we have received the greatest reward possible the conviction of the man responsible for the death of Mary Phagan."
Phone Worked Overtime.
The interest in the residence sections of the city was fully as great as downtown when the verdict came in Monday. Officials of the Southern Bell Telephone Company have made the statement that never in the history of the company have the city telephones been in such universal use as Monday afternoon. Three times as many calls were registered between 3 and 6 o'clock, when the excitement was at its greatest height, as have ever been registered before during an entire day. A special corps of operators was on duty at the exchanges, but they were swamped with the volume of the calls and were unable to attend to more than half of them.
"Old Newt" Lee Is
Released From Tower.
Old Newt Lee, as he was referred to by both sides in the Frank trial, the negro night watchman at the National Pencil Factory, who discovered the body of Mary Phagan, was released Tuesday from the Fulton Tower just four months to a day after his fateful find.
The order for his release was signed by Judge Roan and taken to the jail by his attorneys, Graham and Chapelle. Graham left with the negro for the police station, where h got a knife and some other personal effects taken from him at the time of his arrest.
Lee was spruce and as cheerful as a darky in watermelon time as he said goodbye to the Tower. He was rigged up in a new outfit and looked more prosperous than he probably ever has in his life.
"He came here in rags, but he is leaving with quite a bunch of luggage," said one of the deputies.
The negro said he had a home before the tragedy, but had lost it since."
"All I know is I'm going to look for work, boss," he said, "I sure got to work to live. I feel weak, just in my body, boss. I feel alright in the head, because I never did have nothing to do with that murder and now, they all knows it.
PAGE 9
JUROR'S STORY OF HOW
EVIDENCE WAS WEIGHED
AND VERDICT REACHED
The Georgian today reveals some of the innermost secrets off the jury which convicted Leo M. Frank of the murder of little Mary Phagan. This inside story of the greatest criminal case in the South's history is an intensely interesting revelation of the workings of men's minds. It covers three long weeks and more throughout which the evidence for and against the pencil factory superintendent was tediously unfolded, link by link.
It casts upon the various points made by the defense and the prosecution the light in which they were viewed by the twelve men who were chosen to act as the judges. It ends with the last memorable meeting of these men on the top floor of the courthouse Monday after noon which culminated in the fateful verdict: "We the jury find the defendant guilty."
The information is given here with as it was obtained by reporter for this newspaper from one of the jurors late Monday night while the full weight of his g
rim burden still rested upon him. It is told in his own, impressive words.
"It was the only thing we could do. The evidence was against Frank from start to finish. And so we did our duty, as we had sworn to do."
Dorsey's Youth and
Sincerity Won.
"It would be hard to say what, of all the trial, made the greatest impression on the jury. It was probably the Solicitor General himself. He was a marvel. His youthful appearance, coupled with his sincerity, made a wonderful hit. There wasn't a minute of the hours that he spoke that he didn't seem to mean every word that he uttered."
"Dorsey is a forceful speaker. He puts emphasis behind his words. And he drives his points clear in and clinches them on the other side. They stuck with us. They had evidence behind them to make them stick."
"His theory of the murder was the one we accepted. It was the one the evidence upheld. That was the way Frank killed that girl."
"While the negro watched downstairs, he took the little girl back into the metal room and struck her, and then with a cord strangled her to death. Then those notes were written as the negro told us and placed beside the body."
"In Dorsey's argument there was one little sentence which seemed to imbed itself in the minds of every man on the jury, when he was speaking of the agreement between Frank and Conley that the negro should come back to the factory and burn the body. The sentence was this: And if the smoke from that little girl's burning body had gone curling up into the air, told Jim Conley would have hanged for another man's crime.'"
Hooper's Action
Had Its Effect.
"Those words went a long toward keeping Jim Conley from hanging probably. They drew a contrast between right and wrong which made us look again into the evidence before us. And the narrow escape which the negro had made us shudder."
"There was another thing which impressed that jury. It was Frank Hooper's sacrifice of Dorsey. We called it that. Hooper had the chance of his lifetime there to make a wonderful speech when he opened the State's argument. We were half expecting one. His reputation was known to us. And when he ended there was some disappointment. We said he had not done his best."
"Then we saw his sacrifice. He had only made a plain statement of the State's case and left for the Solicitor general whatever fame and fortune there was to be won by the State's counsel."
"The jury heard none of the cheering for Dorsey outside the courtroom at any time. We heard the crowds in the courtroom laugh at times, and we laughed, too, but that had no effect."
"Probably the hardest job we had was to sit there and face Frank's mother and his wife with the slowly growing feeling of the defendant's guilt. Some of the jurors cried when Frank's wife broke down following his speech. It was an impressive thing to us. Yet it didn't affect the evidence."
Frank's Speech
Caused Wonder.
"The trouble with Frank's speech was the same as the trouble with the entire defense. The evidence declared to us that he was guilty and no words of his could disprove that fact. Everybody felt the weight his wonderful calm and dispassionate manner carried while he was talking. Yet the marvel was that a guilty man could do it. That was all."
"The defense made a wonderful fight with the evidence they had. Mr. Arnold was admired for his skillful work by every member of the jury. We saw every point that he brought out, and yet they all lacked weight."
"Probably nothing else in the whole case was of more interest to us than Luther Rosser's cross-examination of Conley. We thought it was a master's display of human ingenuity. Yet in the jury's mind it was like a skyrocket, soaring up into the heavens to cast its fountain of brilliance about and then die out. The negro's story remained as he had told it. That had a tremendous effect in the verdict."
"Then there was that cabbage. It was astonishing the amount of knowledge displayed by the members of the jury when the technicalities of medicine were brought out. We understood it all. The specimen of cabbage taken from the little Phagan girl's stomach was passed around amongst us in the jury room and we could easily see that it had not been digested."
"That also had its effect. There were men amongst us who luckily were well up on digestion. The experts said very little that we did not understand. But I will venture to say that few of the men of that jury will ever eat cabbage again."
Full Force of
Duty Strikes Home.
"It is a terrific thing to be on a jury which holds a man's life in its hands. The weight seems heaviest during the early days of the trial. You are struck with the somber faces of your fellow jury men first; then in the mirror you see that your own face is as somber as the rest, and the full force of the duty in front of you strikes home. You realize that before you become a free man again. You shall have disposed of the life of a fellow man."
"Yet, strange to say, there wasn't one among us who tried to flinch from his full share of the work. Each seemed eager from the start to do what he had sworn to do, and the determination seemed to grow as the days passed. When we left the courtroom this afternoon with the judge's charge there wasn't a doubt in the mind of anyone of us that justice would be done. I think that thought, in a great measure, was the cause for our quick decision."
"Of course, we didn't dream that the case would last as long as it did. Some of us hadn't prepared for it. It meant a loss of a great deal of money to many of the men. Yet when this was brought up along in the second week, when no end was in sight, it took only one mention of the task before us to make all else look infinitesimally small. Jurydom is a sphere where money is not known."
First Week
Was Longest of All.
"The first week of the trial was longer than all the rest put together. It was a bit difficult for us to get acquainted. We were all a little bit suspicious of each other. Outside of a few comments on immaterialities, practically nothing was said about the case."
"And by the middle of the second week there wasn't a more sociable and jolly set of men this side of heaven, I don't believe. There were checker matches and setback tournaments and a great rivalry for the championships I don't believe that there was an amateur amongst the bunch which went into that jury who didn't come out an expert. With nothing else to do much at night one can learn a great deal about cards and checkers in three weeks."
"There was no gambling. And each Sunday we read from the Bible and sang religious songs. In fact, we held regular services every Sabbath Day. It didn't matter what churches we belonged to each was as fervent as the other. While in Rome we did as the Romans do. Seriously, though, I think that the proposition we were up against in judging a man's life had a good deal to do with that fervor."
Same Word On
Each Jury Slip.
"As for the judgement we passed, there is little to say. As weighty as the task may seem, it was simple. There was but one ballot and on the twelve slips which were handed into Foreman Winburn the single word guilty' was written. Yet, no one seemed surprised. There was an unanimity of feeling amongst us."
"Don't think that we had not considered the case fully. And don't think that there was a man amongst
FRANK RETURNING TO HIS CELL IN
TOWER AFTER JUDGE'S CHARGE
Frank's
control of
his
emotions
was never
more
strikingly
shown than
on last
day
of trial.
Leo M. Frank,
convicted
slayer of
Mary Phagan
on his way back
to his cell to
await the
verdict of the
jury. He
walked with a
firm, springy
step, and
apparently was
confident that
he would be
acquitted.
us that wanted to do what we did. Yet, day after day, the pressure grew heavier, as the case was put before us. From a
slight dread it became an oppression; then a nausea and at last a sickening sense of the grim fact that Frank was guilty and we were going to give the world that verdict."
"It was horrible that time we spent in the deliberation. Everyone knew what was going to be done, thought hardly a word was spoken until we had agreed. We were spell bound with dread. We were spellbound with dread. Then someone suggested a drink. That enlivened us and we began to breathe again."
"You ask what brought us to our verdict so readily. I have told you. It was the only thing that could be done, and we knew it, even as we ascended the stairs to the juryroom this afternoon. No argument was needed."
PAGE 10
FIGHT BEGUN TO SAVE FRANK
******************************************************************************
MOTION FOR NEW TRIAL FOLLOWS DEATH SENTENCE
FRANK RETURNING TO HIS CELL IN
TOWER AFTER JUDGE'S CHARGE
Frank's
control of
his
emotions
was never
more
strikingly
shown than
on last
day
of trial.
Leo M. Frank,
convicted
slayer of
Mary Phagan
on his way back
to his cell to
await the
verdict of the
jury. He
walked with a
firm, springy
step, and
apparently was
confident that
he would be
acquitted.
PRISONER MUST HANG
OCT. 10, JUDGE RULES;
INNOCENT, HEREPEATS
Almost before the dread verdict of "guilty" had ceased ringing in his ears, Leo M. Frank, convicted of slaying Mary Phagan, heard Tuesday the still more terrible words, "sentenced to hang by the neck until dead," before the echo of his own words, "I am innocent" had died away.
Frank will pay the penalty for the murder of Mary Phagan, which the jury Monday agreed he had committed on October 10, unless the efforts of his two lawyers, who already have started a new fight for his life, are successful in postponing the execution or ultimately in cleaning their client. There is little doubt that the execution will be put off, as an appeal will act as a stay.
Sentence had hardly been pronounced by Judge L. S. Roan at 10:40 o'clock Tuesday morning in his courtroom in the Thrower building before Attorney Reuben Arnold was on his feet to make a motion for a new trial.
Judge Roan said that he would set October 4 as the date for hearing the arguments on the motion. It is known that Solicitor Dorsey is most vigorously opposed to any movement looking toward the reopening of the case. He asserted repeatedly during the last days of the trial that the claim of the defense that Frank was not receiving a fair trial was ridiculous on its face.
Wife Waits Outside During Sentence.
While the death penalty was being imposed upon the factory superintendent, his young wife sat outside the Thrower building in an automobile. She had followed her husband in the car, waiting for him as he was taken into court between two deputies and again following him when he was conveyed back to the Tower.
Frank displayed no more emotion than he did during the progress of the long trial. He perhaps, was a trifle paler than usual and his face a bit more haggard, but aside from this none would have known as he stepped firmly down from the Thrower building steps that he was a man on whom the death sentence had just been pronounced.
The fight for Frank's life, which may consume many months, arouses a question as to the disposal of Jim Conley. It is the general supposition that Conley's case will be held in abeyance until Frank's fate definitely is determined by a new trial or the decision of the appeal to the Supreme Court.
Newt Lee Released From Custody.
Newt Lee, material witness in the Frank trial and at one time a suspect, was released from custody Tuesday morning after spending exactly four months in jail.
A long and notable legal fight is certain over the effort to save. Frank from paying the penalty fixed by the court. The case will be carried to the highest courts if Judge Roan refuses a new trial.
There was the hush of horror as the dreadful "Hanged by the neck until dead, and may God have mercy on your soul," were uttered by the judge. The signs of Frank's emotion were few as ever. A few minutes later he was asserting, clearly and calmly, his entire innocence.
Frank heard his sentence with but a slight show of nervousness. He stood leaning slightly against the railing in front of the judge's bench looking straight into Judge Roan's eyes. Occasionally he moistened his lips, but otherwise he was calm. His eyes though, were bloodshot and his skin more pronounced white than ever before.
Frank Again Protests Innocence.
Judge Roan addressed him:
"The jury which has been trying you for the last several weeks has found you guilty. Have you anything to say why sentence should not be passed on you at this time?"
Frank leaned slightly against the railing and placed one hand behind his back before replying. Then he said in calm even voice:
"Your Honor, I say now as I have always said: I am inno-
PAGE 11
JURY THAT CONVICTED FRANK AS SLAYER OF MARY PHAGAN
J. T.
OSBURN
A. H. HENSLEE
F. E. WINBURN
W. F. MEDCALF
A. L. WISBEY
W. M. JEFFRIES
M. JOHENNING
DEPUTY HUBER
M. S. WOODWARD
E. V. L.
SMITH
D. TOWNSEND
C. J. BOSSHARDT
J. F.
HIGDON
DEPUTY LIDDELL
WIFE, MOTHER EMBRACE
FRANK AFTER SENTENCE
Continued from Page 1.
cent. Further than that, I will state that my case is in the hands of my counsel."
The prisoner's voice was so low that for a moment his hearers were not aware that he had finished and a deathly silence reigned. Then Judge Roan spoke:
"Your counsel informs me that they will move for a new trial," he said, addressing Frank, "but in the meantime, it is my sworn duty to pass sentence on you."
"I have tried to give you a fair trial. I may have erred, but I have done my duty as my conscience dictated."
Judge Roan then picked up from his desk the sheet of paper upon which his sentence was written. As he did so, through some slight misunderstanding, the crowd arose to its feet.
"Take your seats; take your seats," said Judge Roan, then read the sentence. In legal form, it was this:
"The State against Leo M. Frank; indictment for murder; Fulton County Superior Court, May Term 1913. Verdict of guilty, July term, August 25, 1913."
"Whereupon it is considered ordered and adjudged by the court that the defendant, Leo M. Frank, be taken from the bar of this court to the common jail in the County of Fulton, and that he safely there kept until his final execution in the manner fixed by law;"
"It is further adjudged by the Court that on the tenth day of October, 1913, that the defendant, Leo M. Frank, be executed by the Sheriff of Fulton County in private witnessed only by the executing officer, a sufficient guard, the relatives of the said defendant and such clergymen and friends as he may desire;"
"Such execution to take place in the common jail of Fulton County, and that said defendant on that day, between the hours of 10 o'clock a. m. and 2 o'clock p. m. be by the Sheriff of Fulton County hanged by the neck until he shall be dead, and may God have mercy on your soul."
"In open court, this 26th day of August, 1913. L. S. Roan, Judge of the Stone Mountain Circuit, presiding."
"When Judge Roan had finished reading the sentence Frank sank back into a chair between his two friends, Leo Strauss and Julian Boehm. His face had grown a bit paler, but the calm stolidity which characterized his attitude throughout the grim proceeding remained.
Attorney Reuben Arnold, who had defended Frank at the trial, arose and addressed Judge Roan.
"Your honor," he said, "we make a motion for a new trial."
"I will hear the arguments on the motion on October 4," replied Judge Roan.
Luther Rosser, Frank's chief of counsel, as heard to rem
ark, aside when this date was fixed: "Well, that will extend the time of execution then."
At 10:40 o'clock Frank took his place between two deputy sheriffs and was escorted down to an automobile waiting below and whisked off to the jail. At the doorway to the Thrower building another automobile containing Mrs. Leo Frank was waiting. When Frank emerged from the building, he exchanged glanced with his wife, but no words were spoken.
When the machine with the prisoner moved out into the street towards the jail Mrs. Frank's automobile fell in behind and followed.
No Women Hear
Sentence Passed.
But a few persons not more than 30 in all heard the passing of the sentence. Amongst them there were but two of Frank's friends, Strauss and Boehm. The other witnesses were made up of Sheriff Mangum, half a dozen deputy sheriffs, numerous court attaches and newspapermen. There were no women in the courtroom.
Frank came in before this counsel. Smilingly the nodded to those in the room. Shortly after he had taken a seat Rosser and Arnold came in and took seats close by Frank.
To Arnold, Frank leaned over and whispered:
"What shall I say?"
"That your case. Is in the hands of your counsel," replied the attorney.
Sheriff Mangum escorted the judge to his bench and stood during the reading of the sentence with his back to the window near the bench, facing the crowd. He did not look at Frank throughout the proceedings.
At the close of the sentence there was no demonstration of any kind. Quietly the crowd filed out behind Frank and waited until the elevator, descending from the fourth floor with the prisoner and his captors only, returned for them.
Wife and Mother
Embrace Prisoner.
The automobile bearing Frank, with the fateful words "sentenced to hang by the neck till dead" still echoing in his ears, arrived back at the grim old Tower at 10:40 o'clock. Frank stepped out between Deputies Burdette and Owens. His face was a bit sallower, hie eyes a little wider open. Otherwise he was the same astoundingly cool prisoner.
The trio walked to the jail door and Frank asked his escorts to wait a moment. A minute later another car drew up and the devoted wife of the convicted slayer alighted, Deputy Scuttles at her side.
Frank's face lighted up. Mrs. Frank smiled the tragic smile of courage and loyalty and they were clasped in each other's arms, the young wife showering kisses on the man who had just heard his doom pronounced.
They disappeared into the gloom of the jail corridor, Mrs. Frank's arm around her husband's shoulder a shielding, motherly embrace that touched the men who walked with averted faces at Frank's side.
A moment more and Frank was in his mother's arms at the cell screened from foreign eyes and words of hopes showered upon him to drown the echo of the terrible pronouncement of a brief while back.
The young woman was dressed in black, relieved only by a white lace collar. She looked composed, but the traces of a night and weeping were in her eyes. The mother was pale and worn. Neither would talk to newspaper men.
Mob Influences
Jury, He Says
Emil Selig, the father-in-law of Frank, brought him his breakfast Tuesday morning. The convicted man, if he suffered any shock from the verdict Monday, was said to have recovered entirely from it by the morning. He was as stoical as ever and even while in the shadow of the gallows he expressed himself as just as certain that he ultimately would be exonerated of the terrible crime as he was on the first day he was suspected.
"My God'. Even the jury is influenced by mob Law," were the words with which he greeted the news of the verdict Monday afternoon.
Frank was with his wife at the Tower when the intelligence came Rabbi Marx, Dr. Rosenberg, the Frank family physician, and a number of their friends were in the office of Sheriff Mangum, Dr. Rosenberg arriving some minutes after the verdict was known at his courthouse.
Rabbi Marx and Dr. Rosenberg went with the news to the accused man and his wife.
"The jury has found you guilty, see," said the physician.
Mrs. Frank screamed and broke into hysterical weeping. It was her husband who calmed her and assured her that everything would be all right in the end.
Within a few minutes he persuaded her to leave the jail in company with Rabbi Marx and Dr. Rosenberg. The traces of the tears were still on her face when she came through the corridor. With the aid of her escort, she avoided the newspaper men and entered the waiting automobile.
Dr. B. Wildauer came down shortly after. "I am as innocent today as I was a year ago," was Frank's comment on the verdict, according to Dr. Wildauer.
The blinds of the Selig home at No. 68 East Georgia avenue, where Frank and his wife lived with her parents, were closed Tuesday morning. Neighbors said that Mr. and Mrs. Selig and their daughter had stayed with relatives overnight.
Attorney Arnold left for Bedford Springs, Pa., Tuesday afternoon for a month's rest. Mr. Arnold will return to Atlanta in time to participate in the argument for a new trial for the pencil factory superintendent, which has been set for October 4.
I'm as Innocent as I Was
A Year Ago,' Asserts Frank
Just four months after the murder of Mary Phagan, Leo M. Frank stands convicted of the slaying of the slaying of thee 13-year-old girl in the National Pencil factory.
No recommendation for life imprisonment was made by the jurors, this circumstance making it imperative, according to the charge by Judge L. S. Roan, that a sentence of death by hanging be passed upon him. Judge Roan declined to say Tuesday the exact time when he would pass sentence.
Neither the prisoner, his relatives, friends nor any of his counsel appeared in the courtroom when the dread verdict was rendered. The sole representative of the defendant was Stiles Hopkins, a member of the firm of Rosser, Brandon, Sigton & Phillips, who was designated present and nave for Attorneys Rosser and Arnold the presence of the prisoner. A motion for a new trial will be made by Rosser and Arnold.
Populace Cheers Verdict.
The jurors were quick in arriving at their ballot. The case was given into their hands at 12:49. They went immediately to lunch and returned to the courthouse at 1:35. They proceeded to the election to the election of Fred Winburn as foreman and entered upon an informal discussion of the merits of the case. It was apparent that the jurymen were practically of one mind. They cast their ballot. At 3:21 it was known that the verdict was "guilty." At 4:56 the result was announced in the courtroom.
To avoid any sort of a demonstration, the courtroom was cleared of all spectators when it became known that the jury was ready to render its verdict. Everyone was excluded except Solicitor Dorsey, Attorney Hooper and attaches of Dorsey's office, several other members of the bar and newspaper man.
Hardly had Foreman Winburn read the words which branded the young factory superintendent a murderer before a mighty shout went up outside the building. The great crowds surging on all sides of the courthouse seemed to have had occult knowledge of the verdict at the very instant it was given utterance.
The news spread like magic. While the cheers still were rending the air, newsboys swooped down upon the courthouse and radiated in different directions from their offices, crying the extras on the verdict.
Frank was in the Tower with his young wife when the verdict was returned.
"My God! Even the jury was influenced by mob law," was the exclamation with which the accused man met the news of the verdict of guilty."
"I am as innocent as I was one year ago," be continued.
Frank would not talk at length to the newspaper men. His wife, who had shown the strain of the last hours of the trial throughout the day, collapsed in tears. Rabbi Marx and other friends of the family were at the tail when the fateful news came. They declared that nothing had developed since the b
eginning of the trial to shake their belief in Frank's entire innocence.
After the concluding words of the judge's charge Monday afternoon, the jury fled from the courtroom and several score of persons took advantage of the leniency of the court deputies to crowd inside the doors.
In a haze of smoke from innumerable cigars and cigarettes and from the explosion of flash light powder, the motley roomful of spectators waited impatiently for some sign that jurors were ready to return to the room. Any unexplained move on the part of Sheriff Mangum or one
Continued on Page 4, Column 1.
PAGE 13
FRANK EMOTIONLESS AS HE HEARS SENTENCE TO GALLOWS
I am Innocent; My Case Is in My Lawyers'
I HAVE DONE MY
DUTY, ASSERTS
JUDGE ROAN
"I May Have Erred, but My Con-
science Is Clear," He Tells
Condemned Man.
Continued From Page 2.
of his deputies was the signal for a little flurry and the rumor that a verdict had been reached.
Frank's Presence Waived.
Several newspaper men sat on the sixth floor of the uncompleted new courthouses and calmly watched the proceedings of the jurymen on the fourth floor of the old building. The election of Winburn as foreman was noted, as well as other details incident to the deliberations. Finally, it became known that a verdict had been reached. This was an hour before the jurors came downstairs. Finally, it became known that a verdict had been reached. This was an hour before the jurors came downstairs. Judge Roan was sent for "An effort was made to get Solicitor Dorsey, but he could not be reached at once."
Assistant Solicitor E. A. Stephens and Frank Hooper, Dorsey's associate in the case, entered the courtroom and immediately were closeted in conference with Judge Roan. The discussion was in regard to the waiving of the prisoner's presence in the courtroom.
The two attorneys did not wish to sneak definitely for the Solicitor on the matter, but neither could see any objection to the procedure if the waiving was formally made by a representative of Rosser's firm. A little later the spectators were disappointed by the order to clear the courtroom. Dorsey entered just as this order was given. Within five minutes the jury was in the courtroom and the verdict had been returned.
Lanford Says
He Is Vindicated.
Though he has been convicted of the most terrible crime in the history of the South, the friends who have stood steadfastly by Leo Frank during the four long months since Mary Phagan's body was found have not deserted him. They still persist that he is innocent and declare that time will uncover the guilty person and give the young factory superintendent his freedom.
Rabbi David Marx, one of Frank's staunchest supporters, who has been with the convicted superintendent almost constantly since he was first arrested on suspicion of being connected with the crime, was one of the most surprised men in Atlanta when the verdict was returned. He had confidently expected an acquittal, but even with the sentence of death having over Frank's head, the devotion with which Rabbi Marx has stood by Frank which has been the admiration even of those who believed Frank guilty does not falter.
Rabbi Marx Astounded.
Dr. Marx was with Frank when the latter was notified of the verdict, and eh suffered almost as heavily as the convicted man.
"I am stunned and surprised," Dr. Marx said. "I can not believe it. I know Leo Frank is innocent I know he is incapable of such a crime. My faith in him has not been shaken by the verdict of the jury. I ask that the public suspend final judgement until an appeal for a new trial is made."
Shortly after Frank had been notified of the verdict Dr. Marx left the jail for a conference with Frank's attorneys. He returned later to tend what comfort he could to the prisoner, and remained with him in his cell until a late hour.
Fair Trial, Says Lanford.
Chief of Detectives, Newport Lanford, head of the department when aided in securing the evidence that convicted Frank, has issued a statement declaring that the trial of the factory superintendent was the fairest he had ever seen.
"I have never figured in a case where the prisoner was given more privileges and liberties than Frank has received," Chief Lanford declared. "A body of twelve men in high-standing in the community have found him guilty of the murder of Mary Phagan, and, in my opinion the verdict was a just one. I think nearly everyone who is familiar with the case believes him guilty."
"It is very gratifying to the members of my department that the jury after careful deliberation, found Frank guilty. I am not surprised, however, nor are any of the detectives who have worked on the case."
"We have worked very hard since little Mary Phagan was murdered and have tried to get at the truth regarding the terrible crime. We have been severely condemned by a few persons, most of whom are unfamiliar with the case and with police methods of obtaining evidence, but the verdict of the jury is a complete vindication of our department. We feel that we have received the greatest reward possible -the conviction of the man
FRANK AND HIS WIFE HEAR JURY'S VERDICT
Frank received the news with fortitude the news with fortitude and appeared to be more concerned about his wife than himself. The verdict of the jury was announced to Frank and his wife by Rabbi Marx and Dr. Rosenberg.
responsible for the death of Mary Phagan."
The interest in the residence sections of the city was fully as great as downtown when the verdict came in Monday. Officials of the Southern Bell Telephone Company have made the statement that never in the history of the company have the city telephones been in such universal use as Monday afternoon. Three times as many calls were registered between 2 and 6 o'clock, when the excitement was at its greatest height, as have ever been registered before during an entire day. A special corps of operators was on duty at the exchanges, but they were swamped with the volume of the calls and were unable to attend to more than half of them.
"Old Newt" Lee Is
Released From Tower.
Old Newt Lee, as he was referred to by both sides in the Frank trial, the negro night watchman at the National Pencil Factory, was released Tuesday from the Fulton Tower just four months to a day after his fateful find.
The order for his release was signed by Judge Roan and taken to the jail by his attorneys Graham and Chapelle. Graham left with the negro for the police station, where he got a knife and some other personal effects taken from him at the time of his arrest.
Lee was spruce and as cheerful as a darky in watermelon time as he said goodbye to the Tower. He was rigged up in a new outfit and looked mere prosperous than he probably ever has in his life.
"He came here in rags, but he is leaving with quite a bunch of luggage," said one of the deputies.
The negro said he had had a home before the tragedy, but had lost it since.
"All I know is I'm going to look for work, boss," he said. "I sure got to work to live. I feel weak, just in my body, boss. I feel alright in the head because I never did have nothing to do with that murder and now, they all knows it."
Lee had been in jail since shortly after 3-o'clock April 27, when police, responding to his telephone call, found the strangled. Mary Phagan in the grimy basement. For a time, his indictment "seemed" certain, but by the time the case reached the Grand Jury the State had centered its prosecution on Frank and no action was taken against the negro. The petition freeing him was made on the formal plea of Solicitor Dorsey.
Hooper Praises
Dorsey's Work.
"In all my experience I have never seen a case more thoroughly gotten up than the State's cage against Leo M. Frank, as prepared by Solicitor Dorsey. It was complete throughout there was not an angle but which wa
s investigated to the fullest possible extent."
Thus, spoke Attorney Frank Hooper while awaiting the verdict of the jury.
"Dorsey's sincerity in the prosecution and the thoroughness with which he entered into the detail of each part of his work was such as to arouse the admiration of anyone. He had the case at his finger-tips; his knowledge of each phase of the case was complete. His argument was one of the most masterful I have ever heard. I do not think it could have been possible for a case to have been handled in a better manner."
PAGE 12
JUROR'S STORY OF HOW EVIDENCE WAS WEIGHED AND VERDICT REACHED
The Georgian today reveals some of the innermost secrets of the jury which convicted Leo M. Frank of the murder of little Mary Phagan. This inside story of the greatest criminal case in the South's history is an intensely interesting revelation of the workings of men's minds.
It casts upon the various points made by the defense and the prosecution the light in which they were viewed by the twelve men who were chosen to act as the judges. It ends with the last memorable meeting of these men on the top floor of the courthouse Monday afternoon which culminated in the fateful verdict: "We the jury find the defendant guilty."
The information is given herewith as it was obtained by a reporter for this newspaper from one of the jurors late Monday night while the full weight of his grim burden still rested upon him. It is told in his own, impressive words.
"It was the only thing we could do. The evidence was against Frank from start to finish. And so we did our duty, as we had sworn to do."
Dorsey's Youth and
Sincerity Won.
"It would be hard to say what, of all the trial, made the greatest impression on the jury. It was probably the Solicitor General himself. He was a marvel. His youthful appearance, coupled with his sincerity, made a wonderful hit. There wasn't a minute of the hours that he spoke that he didn't seem to mean every word that he uttered."
"Dorsey is a forceful speaker. He puts emphasis behind his words. And he drives his points clear in and clinched, them on the other side. They had stuck with us. They had the evidence behind them to make them stick."
"His theory of the murder was the one we accepted. It was the one the evidence upheld. That was the way Frank killed that girl."
"While the negro watched downstairs, he took the little girl back into the metal room and struck her, and then with a cord strangled her to death. Then those notes were written as the negro told us and placed beside the body."
"In the Dorsey's argument there was one little sentence which seemed to imbed itself in the minds of every man on the jury, when he was speaking of the agreement between Frank and Conley that the negro should come back to the factory and burn the body. The sentence was this: And if the smoke from that little girl's burning body had gone curling up into the air, old Jim Conley would have hanged for another man's crime.'"
Hooper's Action
Had Its Effect.
"Those words went a long way toward keeping Jim Conley from Hanging, probably. They drew a contrast between right and wrong which made us look again into the evidence before us. And the narrow escape which the negro had made us shudder."
"There was another thing which impressed that jury. It was Frank Hooper's sacrifice to Dorsey. We called it that. Hooper had the chance of his lifetime there to make a wonderful speech when he opened the State's argument. We were half expecting one. His reputation was known to us. And when he ended there was some disappointment. We said he had not done his best.
"Then we saw his sacrifices. He had only made a plain statement of the State's case and left for the Solicitor General whatever fame and fortune there was to be won by the State's counsel."
"The jury heard none of the cheering for Dorsey outside the courtroom at any time. We heard the crowds in the courtroom laugh at times, and we laughed, too, but that had no effect."
"Probably the hardest job we had was to sit there and face Frank's mother and his wife with the slowly growing feeling of the defendant's guilt. Some of the jurors cried when Frank's wife broke down following his speech. It was an impressive thing to us. Yet it didn't effect the evidence."
Frank's Speech Caused Wonder.
"The trouble with Frank's speech was the same as the trouble with the entire defense. The evidence declared to us that he was guilty and no words of his could disprove that fact. Everybody felt the weight his wonderful calm and dispassionate manner carried while he was talking. Yet the marvel was that a guilty man could do it. That was all."
"The defense made a wonderful fight with the evidence they had. Mr. Arnold was admired for his skillful work by every member of the jury. We saw every point that he brought out, and yet they all lacked weight."
"Probably nothing else in the whole case was of more interest to us that Luther Rosser's cross-examination of Conley. We thought it was a master's display of human ingenuity. Yet in the jury's mind it was like skyrocket, soaring up into the heavens to cast its fountain of brilliance about and then die out. The negro's story remained as he had told it. That had a tremendous effect in the verdict."
"Then there was that cabbage. It was astonishing the amount of knowledge was displayed by the members of the jury when the technicalities of medicine were brought out. We understood it all. The specimen of cabbage taken from the little Phagan girl's stomach was passed around amongst us in the jury room and we could easily see that it had not been digested."
"That also had its effect. There were men amongst us who luckily were well up on digestion. The experts said very little that we did not understand. But I will venture to say that few of the men of that jury will ever eat cabbage again."
Full Force of Deputy Strikes Home.
"It is a terrific thing to be on a jury which holds a man's life in its hands. The weight seems heaviest during the early days of the trial. You are struck with the somber faces of your fellow jurymen first; then in the mirror you see that your own face is as somber as the real, and the full force of the duty in front of you strikes home. You realize that before you become a freeman again you shall have disposed of the life of a fellowman."
"Yet, strange to say, there wasn't one among us who tried to flinch from his full share of the work. Each seemed eager from the start to do what he had sworn to do, and the determination seemed to grow as the days passed. When we left the courtroom this afternoon with the judge's charge there wasn't a doubt in the mind of anyone of us that justice would be done. I think that thought, in a great measure, was the cause for our quick decision."
"Of course, we didn't dream that the case would last as long as it did. Some of us hadn't prepared for it. It meant a loss of a great deal of money to many of the men. Yet when this was brought up along in the second week, when no end was in sight, it took only one mention of the task before us to make all else look infinitesimally small. Jurydom is a sphere where money is not known."
First Week Was Longest of All.
"The first week of the trial was longer than all the rest put together. It was a bit difficult for us to get acquainted. We were all a little bit suspicious of each other. Outside of a few comments on immaterialities, practicality nothing was said about the case. We didn't care to talk about it, even to our roommates."
"Then somebody brought in a checker board and someone else a deck of cards. The social life in jury quarters blossomed out in full blast."
"It was a most welcome diversion, too. We had little enough exercise as it was and there was nothing left but to brood on the case."
"And by the middle of the second week, there wasn't a more sociable and jolly set of men this side of heaven, I don't believe. There were checke
r matches and setback tournaments and a great rivalry for the championships. I don't believe that there was an amateur among the bunch which went into that jury who didn't come out an expert. With nothing else to do much at night, one can learn a great deal about cards and checkers in three weeks."
"There was no gambling. And each Sunday we read from the Bible and sang religious songs. In fact, we held regular services every Sabbath day. It didn't matter what churches we belonged to; each was as fervent as the other. While in Rome we did
Trial a Farce, Say Attorneys
L. Z. Rosser and Reuben Arnold, counsel for Leo Frank, issued the following statement this morning:
"We deem it not amiss to make a short statement, as the attorneys of Leo M. Frank, to the public."
"The trial which has just occurred, and which has resulted in Mr. Frank's conviction, was a farce and not in any way a trial. In saying this, we do not make the least criticism of Judge Roan who presided. Judge Roan is one of the best men in Georgia, and is an able and conscientious judge."
"The temper of the public mind was such that it invaded the courtroom and invaded the streets and made itself manifest at every turn the jury made; and it was just as impossible for this jury to escape the effects of this public feeling as if they had been turned loose and had been permitted to mingle with the people."
"In doing this we are making no criticism of the jury. They were only men, and unconsciously this prejudice rendered any other verdict impossible."
"It would have required a jury of stoics, a jury of Spartans, to have withstood this situation."
"The time ought to come when this man will get a fair trial, and we profoundly believe that it will."
"The final judgement of the American people is a fair one. It is sometimes delayed in coming, but it comes."
"We entered into this case with the profound conviction of Mr. Frank's innocence. The result has not changed our opinion. Every step of the trial has intensified and fortified our profound conviction of his innocence."
"L. Z. ROSSER,
"H. R. ARNOLD."
As the Romans do. Seriously, though, I think that the proposition we were up against in judging of a man's life had a good deal do with that fervor."
Same Word On
Each Jury Slip.
"As for the judgement witnessed, there is little to say. As weighty as the task may seem, it was simple. There was but one ballot and on the twelve slips which were handed into Foreman Winburn the single word guilty' was written. Yet, no one seemed surprised. There was an unanimity of feeling amongst us."
"Don't think that we had not considered the case fully. And don't think that there was a man amongst us that wanted to do what we did. Yet, day after day, the pressure grew heavier, as the case was put before us. From a slight head it became an oppression; then a nausea and at last a sickening scene of the grim fact that, Frank was guilty and we were going to give the world that verdict."
"It was horrible that time we spent in deliberation. Everyone knew what was going to be done, though hardly a word was spoken, until we had agreed. We were spellbound with dread. Then someone suggested a drink. That enlivened us and we began to breathe again."
"You ask what brought us to our verdict so readily? I have told you. It was the only thing that could be done, and we knew it, even as we ascended the stairs to the jury this afternoon. No argument was needed."
Pierce Loses Pinkerton Job
By Actions in Phagan Case
As a result of the charges made by the police of unfair dealings by the Pinkerton operatives in the investigation of the Phagan case. H. B. Pierce, superintendent of the agency in Atlanta, tendered his resignation. It was promptly accepted by A. K. Corwardin, general superintendent, of New Orleans, who arrived in the city Monday.
Insubordination to the agency's rule demanding the co-operation of its operatives with the local police in criminal investigations was charged against the superintendent.
The specific charge which brought about the removal of Pierce grew out of the finding of the blood-stained stick on the first floor of the pencil factory by Pinkerton operatives. It was claimed by the police that the stick was withheld from them by Pierce, to whom it was turned in by the finders, and the butt of a buggy whip substituted. The stick itself was turned over to the defense.
"This action by Mr. Pierce was in direct opposition to the rules of the Pinkerton Agency," said Mr. Corwardin. "Our charter to operate in Atlanta carries the agreement that our men withhold nothing from the city police which they may secure in investigations of criminal cases."
"Explicit orders demanding that this agreement be carried through to the letter have been in effect in the Atlanta office since the agency was started here, and when Mr. Pierce disobeyed them, there was but one thing left to do."
While no intimation was given by General Superintendent Corwardin as to who would be Pierce's successor, it is generally reported that Harry Scott would be appointed to fill the position. The report is founded on the withdrawal of Scott's appointment to the superintendency of the Houston, Texas, office, which was made shortly before the charges against Pierce were made public. This promotion of Scott was made as a result of his work in the Phagan case investigation, in which he was the field marshal for the Pinkertons.
Mr. Corwardin admitted that Scott would stay in Atlanta.
PAGE 14
JURY THAT CONVICTED FRANK AS SLAYER OF MARY PHAGAN
J. T.
OSBURN
L. H. HENSLEE
F. E. WINBURN
W. F. MEDCALF
A. L. WISBEY
W. M. JEFFRIES
M. JOHENNING
DEPUTY HUBER
M. S. WOODWARD
E. V. L.
SMITH
D. TOWNSEND
C. J. BOSSHARDT
J. F.
HIGDON DEPUTY LIDDELL WIFE, MOTHER EMBRACE FRANK AFTER SENTENCE
Continued from Page 1.
cent. Further than that, I will state that my case is in the hands of my counsel."
The prisoner's voice was so low that for a moment his hearers were not aware that he had finished and a deathly silence reigned. Then Judge Roan spoke:
"Your counsel informs me that they will move for a new trial," he said, addressing Frank, "but in the meantime, it is my sworn duty to pass sentence on you."
"I have tried to give you a fair trial. I may have erred, but I have done my duty as my conscience dictated."
Judge Roan then picked up from his desk the sheet of paper upon which his sentence was written. As he did so, through some slight misunderstanding, the crowd arose to its feet.
"Take your seats; take your seats," said Judge Roan, then read the sentence. In legal form, it was this:
"The State against Leo M. Frank; indictment for murder; Fulton County Superior Court, May Term 1913. Verdict of guilty, July term, August 25, 1913."
"Whereupon it is considered ordered and adjudged by the court that the defendant, Leo M. Frank, be taken from the bar of this court to the common jail in the County of Fulton, and that he safely there kept until his final execution in the manner fixed by law;"
"It is further adjudged by the Court that on the tenth day of October, 1913, that the defendant, Leo M. Frank, be executed by the Sheriff of Fulton County in private witnessed only by the executing officer, a sufficient guard, the relatives of the said defendant and such clergymen and friends as he may desire;"
"Such execution to take place in the common jail of Fulton County, and that said defendant on that day, between the hours of 10 o'clock a. m. and 2 o'clock p. m. be by the Sheriff of Fulton County hanged by the neck until he shall be dead, and may God have mercy on your soul."
"In open court, this 26th day of August, 1913. L. S. Roan, Judge of the Stone Mountain Circuit, presiding."
"When Judge Roan had finished reading the sentence Frank sank back into a chair between his two friends, Leo Strauss and Ju
lian Boehm. His face had grown a bit paler, but the calm stolidity which characterized his attitude throughout the grim proceeding remained.
Attorney Reuben Arnold, who had defended Frank at the trial, arose and addressed Judge Roan.
"Your honor," he said, "we make a motion for a new trial."
"I will hear the arguments on the motion on October 4," replied Judge Roan.
Luther Rosser, Frank's chief of counsel, as heard to remark, aside when this date was fixed: "Well, that will extend the time of execution then."
At 10:40 o'clock Frank took his place between two deputy sheriffs and was escorted down to an automobile waiting below and whisked off to the jail. At the doorway to the Thrower building another automobile containing Mrs. Leo Frank was waiting. When Frank emerged from the building, he exchanged glanced with his wife, but no words were spoken.
When the machine with the prisoner moved out into the street towards the jail Mrs. Frank's automobile fell in behind and followed.
No Women Hear Sentence Passed.
But a few persons not more than 30 in all heard the passing of the sentence. Amongst them there were but two of Frank's friends, Strauss and Boehm. The other witnesses were made up of Sheriff Mangum, half a dozen deputy sheriffs, numerous court attaches and newspapermen. There were no women in the courtroom.
Frank came in before this counsel. Smilingly the nodded to those in the room. Shortly after he had taken a seat Rosser and Arnold came in and took seats close by Frank.
To Arnold, Frank leaned over and whispered:
"What shall I say?"
"That your case. Is in the hands of your counsel," replied the attorney.
Sheriff Mangum escorted the judge to his bench and stood during the reading of the sentence with his back to the window near the bench, facing the crowd. He did not look at Frank throughout the proceedings.
At the close of the sentence there was no demonstration of any kind. Quietly the crowd filed out behind Frank and waited until the elevator, descending from the fourth floor with the prisoner and his captors only, returned for them.
Wife and Mother
Embrace Prisoner.
The automobile bearing Frank, with the fateful words "sentenced to hang by the neck till dead" still echoing in his ears, arrived back at the grim old Tower at 10:40 o'clock. Frank stepped out between Deputies Burdette and Owens. His face was a bit sallower, hie eyes a little wider open. Otherwise he was the same astoundingly cool prisoner.
The trio walked to the jail door and Frank asked his escorts to wait a moment. A minute later another car drew up and the devoted wife of the convicted slayer alighted, Deputy Scuttles at her side.
Frank's face lighted up. Mrs. Frank smiled the tragic smile of courage and loyalty and they were clasped in each other's arms, the young wife showering kisses on the man who had just heard his doom pronounced.
They disappeared into the gloom of the jail corridor, Mrs. Frank's arm around her husband's shoulder a shielding, motherly embrace that touched the men who walked with averted faces at Frank's side.
A moment more and Frank was in his mother's arms at the cell screened from foreign eyes and words of hopes showered upon him to drown the echo of the terrible pronouncement of a brief while back.
The young woman was dressed in black, relieved only by a white lace collar. She looked composed, but the traces of a night and weeping were in her eyes. The mother was pale and worn. Neither would talk to newspaper men.
Mob Influences
Jury, He Says
Emil Selig, the father-in-law of Frank, brought him his breakfast Tuesday morning. The convicted man, if he suffered any shock from the verdict Monday, was said to have recovered entirely from it by the morning. He was as stoical as ever and even while in the shadow of the gallows he expressed himself as just as certain that he ultimately would be exonerated of the terrible crime as he was on the first day he was suspected.
"My God'. Even the jury is influenced by mob Law," were the words with which he greeted the news of the verdict Monday afternoon.
Frank was with his wife at the Tower when the intelligence came Rabbi Marx, Dr. Rosenberg, the Frank family physician, and a number of their friends were in the office of Sheriff Mangum, Dr. Rosenberg arriving some minutes after the verdict was known at his courthouse.
Rabbi Marx and Dr. Rosenberg went with the news to the accused man and his wife.
"The jury has found you guilty, see," said the physician.
Mrs. Frank screamed and broke into hysterical weeping. It was her husband who calmed her and assured her that everything would be all right in the end.
Within a few minutes he persuaded her to leave the jail in company with Rabbi Marx and Dr. Rosenberg. The traces of the tears were still on her face when she came through the corridor. With the aid of her escort, she avoided the newspaper men and entered the waiting automobile.
Dr. B. Wildauer came down shortly after. "I am as innocent today as I was a year ago," was Frank's comment on the verdict, according to Dr. Wildauer.
The blinds of the Selig home at No. 68 East Georgia avenue, where Frank and his wife lived with her parents, were closed Tuesday morning. Neighbors said that Mr. and Mrs. Selig and their daughter had stayed with relatives overnight.
Attorney Arnold left for Bedford Springs, Pa., Tuesday afternoon for a month's rest. Mr. Arnold will return to Atlanta in time to participate in the argument for a new trial for the pencil factory superintendent, which has been set for October 4.
I'm as Innocent as I Was
A Year Ago,' Asserts Frank
Just four months after the murder of Mary Phagan, Leo M. Frank stands convicted of the slaying of the slaying of thee 13-year-old girl in the National Pencil factory.
No recommendation for life imprisonment was made by the jurors, this circumstance making it imperative, according to the charge by Judge L. S. Roan, that a sentence of death by hanging be passed upon him. Judge Roan declined to say Tuesday the exact time when he would pass sentence.
Neither the prisoner, his relatives, friends nor any of his counsel appeared in the courtroom when the dread verdict was rendered. The sole representative of the defendant was Stiles Hopkins, a member of the firm of Rosser, Brandon, Sigton & Phillips, who was designated present and nave for Attorneys Rosser and Arnold the presence of the prisoner. A motion for a new trial will be made by Rosser and Arnold.
Populace Cheers Verdict.
The jurors were quick in arriving at their ballot. The case was given into their hands at 12:49. They went immediately to lunch and returned to the courthouse at 1:35. They proceeded to the election to the election of Fred Winburn as foreman and entered upon an informal discussion of the merits of the case. It was apparent that the jurymen were practically of one mind. They cast their ballot. At 3:21 it was known that the verdict was "guilty." At 4:56 the result was announced in the courtroom.
To avoid any sort of a demonstration, the courtroom was cleared of all spectators when it became known that the jury was ready to render its verdict. Everyone was excluded except Solicitor Dorsey, Attorney Hooper and attaches of Dorsey's office, several other members of the bar and newspaper man.
Hardly had Foreman Winburn read the words which branded the young factory superintendent a murderer before a mighty shout went up outside the building. The great crowds surging on all sides of the courthouse seemed to have had occult knowledge of the verdict at the very instant it was given utterance.
The news spread like magic. While the cheers still were rending the air, newsboys swooped down upon the courthouse and radiated in different directions from their offices, crying the extras on the verdict.
Frank was in the Tower with his young wife when the verdict was returned.
"My God! Even the jury was influenced by mob law," was t
he exclamation with which the accused man met the news of the verdict of guilty."
"I am as innocent as I was one year ago," be continued.
Frank would not talk at length to the newspaper men. His wife, who had shown the strain of the last hours of the trial throughout the day, collapsed in tears. Rabbi Marx and other friends of the family were at the tail when the fateful news came. They declared that nothing had developed since the beginning of the trial to shake their belief in Frank's entire innocence.
After the concluding words of the judge's charge Monday afternoon, the jury fled from the courtroom and several score of persons took advantage of the leniency of the court deputies to crowd inside the doors.
In a haze of smoke from innumerable cigars and cigarettes and from the explosion of flash light powder, the motley roomful of spectators waited impatiently for some sign that jurors were ready to return to the room. Any unexplained move on the part of Sheriff Mangum or one
Continued on Page 4, Column 1.
PAGE 15
JUROR'S STORY OF HOW EVIDENCE WAS WEIGHED AND VERDICT REACHED
The Georgian today reveals some of the innermost secrets of the jury which convicted Leo M. Frank of the murder of little Mary Phagan. This inside story of the greatest criminal case in the South's history is an intensely interesting revelation of the workings of men's minds.
It casts upon the various points made by the defense and the prosecution the light in which they were viewed by the twelve men who were chosen to act as the judges. It ends with the last memorable meeting of these men on the top floor of the courthouse Monday afternoon which culminated in the fateful verdict: "We the jury find the defendant guilty."
The information is given herewith as it was obtained by a reporter for this newspaper from one of the jurors late Monday night while the full weight of his grim burden still rested upon him. It is told in his own, impressive words.
"It was the only thing we could do. The evidence was against Frank from start to finish. And so we did our duty, as we had sworn to do."
Dorsey's Youth and
Sincerity Won.
"It would be hard to say what, of all the trial, made the greatest impression on the jury. It was probably the Solicitor General himself. He was a marvel. His youthful appearance, coupled with his sincerity, made a wonderful hit. There wasn't a minute of the hours that he spoke that he didn't seem to mean every word that he uttered."
"Dorsey is a forceful speaker. He puts emphasis behind his words. And he drives his points clear in and clinched, them on the other side. They had stuck with us. They had the evidence behind them to make them stick."
"His theory of the murder was the one we accepted. It was the one the evidence upheld. That was the way Frank killed that girl."
"While the negro watched downstairs, he took the little girl back into the metal room and struck her, and then with a cord strangled her to death. Then those notes were written as the negro told us and placed beside the body."
"In the Dorsey's argument there was one little sentence which seemed to imbed itself in the minds of every man on the jury, when he was speaking of the agreement between Frank and Conley that the negro should come back to the factory and burn the body. The sentence was this: And if the smoke from that little girl's burning body had gone curling up into the air, old Jim Conley would have hanged for another man's crime.'"
Hooper's Action
Had Its Effect.
"Those words went a long way toward keeping Jim Conley from Hanging, probably. They drew a contrast between right and wrong which made us look again into the evidence before us. And the narrow escape which the negro had made us shudder."
"There was another thing which impressed that jury. It was Frank Hooper's sacrifice to Dorsey. We called it that. Hooper had the chance of his lifetime there to make a wonderful speech when he opened the State's argument. We were half expecting one. His reputation was known to us. And when he ended there was some disappointment. We said he had not done his best.
"Then we saw his sacrifices. He had only made a plain statement of the State's case and left for the Solicitor General whatever fame and fortune there was to be won by the State's counsel."
"The jury heard none of the cheering for Dorsey outside the courtroom at any time. We heard the crowds in the courtroom laugh at times, and we laughed, too, but that had no effect."
"Probably the hardest job we had was to sit there and face Frank's mother and his wife with the slowly growing feeling of the defendant's guilt. Some of the jurors cried when Frank's wife broke down following his speech. It was an impressive thing to us. Yet it didn't effect the evidence."
Frank's Speech
Caused Wonder.
"The trouble with Frank's speech was the same as the trouble with the entire defense. The evidence declared to us that he was guilty and no words of his could disprove that fact. Everybody felt the weight his wonderful calm and dispassionate manner carried while he was talking. Yet the marvel was that a guilty man could do it. That was all."
"The defense made a wonderful fight with the evidence they had. Mr. Arnold was admired for his skillful work by every member of the jury. We saw every point that he brought out, and yet they all lacked weight."
"Probably nothing else in the whole case was of more interest to us that Luther Rosser's cross-examination of Conley. We thought it was a master's display of human ingenuity. Yet in the jury's mind it was like skyrocket, soaring up into the heavens to cast its fountain of brilliance about and then die out. The negro's story remained as he had told it. That had a tremendous effect in the verdict."
"Then there was that cabbage. It was astonishing the amount of knowledge was displayed by the members of the jury when the technicalities of medicine were brought out. We understood it all. The specimen of cabbage taken from the little Phagan girl's stomach was passed around amongst us in the jury room and we could easily see that it had not been digested."
"That also had its effect. There were men amongst us who luckily were well up on digestion. The experts said very little that we did not understand. But I will venture to say that few of the men of that jury will ever eat cabbage again."
Full Force of
Deputy Strikes Home.
"It is a terrific thing to be on a jury which holds a man's life in its hands. The weight seems heaviest during the early days of the trial. You are struck with the somber faces of your fellow jurymen first; then in the mirror you see that your own face is as somber as the real, and the full force of the duty in front of you strikes home. You realize that before you become a freeman again you shall have disposed of the life of a fellowman."
"Yet, strange to say, there wasn't one among us who tried to flinch from his full share of the work. Each seemed eager from the start to do what he had sworn to do, and the determination seemed to grow as the days passed. When we left the courtroom this afternoon with the judge's charge there wasn't a doubt in the mind of anyone of us that justice would be done. I think that thought, in a great measure, was the cause for our quick decision."
"Of course, we didn't dream that the case would last as long as it did. Some of us hadn't prepared for it. It meant a loss of a great deal of money to many of the men. Yet when this was brought up along in the second week, when no end was in sight, it took only one mention of the task before us to make all else look infinitesimally small. Jurydom is a sphere where money is not known."
First Week Was Longest of All.
"The first week of the trial was longer than all the rest put together. It was a bit difficult for us to get acquainted. We were all a little bit suspicious of each other. Outside of a few comments on immaterialities, practicality nothing was said about
the case. We didn't care to talk about it, even to our roommates."
"Then somebody brought in a checker board and someone else a deck of cards. The social life in jury quarters blossomed out in full blast."
"It was a most welcome diversion, too. We had little enough exercise as it was and there was nothing left but to brood on the case."
"And by the middle of the second week, there wasn't a more sociable and jolly set of men this side of heaven, I don't believe. There were checker matches and setback tournaments and a great rivalry for the championships. I don't believe that there was an amateur among the bunch which went into that jury who didn't come out an expert. With nothing else to do much at night, one can learn a great deal about cards and checkers in three weeks."
"There was no gambling. And each Sunday we read from the Bible and sang religious songs. In fact, we held regular services every Sabbath day. It didn't matter what churches we belonged to; each was as fervent as the other. While in Rome we did
Trial a Farce, Say Attorneys
L. Z. Rosser and Reuben Arnold, counsel for Leo Frank, issued the following statement this morning:
"We deem it not amiss to make a short statement, as the attorneys of Leo M. Frank, to the public."
"The trial which has just occurred, and which has resulted in Mr. Frank's conviction, was a farce and not in any way a trial. In saying this, we do not make the least criticism of Judge Roan who presided. Judge Roan is one of the best men in Georgia, and is an able and conscientious judge."
"The temper of the public mind was such that it invaded the courtroom and invaded the streets and made itself manifest at every turn the jury made; and it was just as impossible for this jury to escape the effects of this public feeling as if they had been turned loose and had been permitted to mingle with the people."
"In doing this we are making no criticism of the jury. They were only men, and unconsciously this prejudice rendered any other verdict impossible."
"It would have required a jury of stoics, a jury of Spartans, to have withstood this situation."
"The time ought to come when this man will get a fair trial, and we profoundly believe that it will."
"The final judgement of the American people is a fair one. It is sometimes delayed in coming, but it comes."
"We entered into this case with the profound conviction of Mr. Frank's innocence. The result has not changed our opinion. Every step of the trial has intensified and fortified our profound conviction of his innocence."
"L. Z. ROSSER,
"H. R. ARNOLD."
As the Romans do. Seriously, though, I think that the proposition we were up against in judging of a man's life had a good deal do with that fervor."
Same Word On Each Jury Slip.
"As for the judgement witnessed, there is little to say. As weighty as the task may seem, it was simple. There was but one ballot and on the twelve slips which were handed into Foreman Winburn the single word guilty' was written. Yet, no one seemed surprised. There was an unanimity of feeling amongst us."
"Don't think that we had not considered the case fully. And don't think that there was a man amongst us that wanted to do what we did. Yet, day after day, the pressure grew heavier, as the case was put before us. From a slight head it became an oppression; then a nausea and at last a sickening scene of the grim fact that, Frank was guilty and we were going to give the world that verdict."
"It was horrible that time we spent in deliberation. Everyone knew what was going to be done, though hardly a word was spoken, until we had agreed. We were spellbound with dread. Then someone suggested a drink. That enlivened us and we began to breathe again."
"You ask what brought us to our verdict so readily? I have told you. It was the only thing that could be done, and we knew it, even as we ascended the stairs to the jury this afternoon. No argument was needed."
Pierce Loses Pinkerton Job
By Actions in Phagan Case
As a result of the charges made by the police of unfair dealings by the Pinkerton operatives in the investigation of the Phagan case. H. B. Pierce, superintendent of the agency in Atlanta, tendered his resignation. It was promptly accepted by A. K. Corwardin, general superintendent, of New Orleans, who arrived in the city Monday.
Insubordination to the agency's rule demanding the co-operation of its operatives with the local police in criminal investigations was charged against the superintendent.
The specific charge which brought about the removal of Pierce grew out of the finding of the blood-stained stick on the first floor of the pencil factory by Pinkerton operatives. It was claimed by the police that the stick was withheld from them by Pierce, to whom it was turned in by the finders, and the butt of a buggy whip substituted. The stick itself was turned over to the defense.
"This action by Mr. Pierce was in direct opposition to the rules of the Pinkerton Agency," said Mr. Corwardin. "Our charter to operate in Atlanta carries the agreement that our men withhold nothing from the city police which they may secure in investigations of criminal cases."
"Explicit orders demanding that this agreement be carried through to the letter have been in effect in the Atlanta office since the agency was started here, and when Mr. Pierce disobeyed them, there was but one thing left to do."
While no intimation was given by General Superintendent Corwardin as to who would be Pierce's successor, it is generally reported that Harry Scott would be appointed to fill the position. The report is founded on the withdrawal of Scott's appointment to the superintendency of the Houston, Texas, office, which was made shortly before the charges against Pierce were made public. This promotion of Scott was made as a result of his work in the Phagan case investigation, in which he was the field marshal for the Pinkertons.
Mr. Corwardin admitted that Scott would stay in Atlanta.
PAGE 16
FRANK EMOTIONLESS AS HE HEARS SENTENCE TO GALLOWS
I am Innocent; My Case Is in My Lawyers'
I HAVE DONE MY DUTY, ASSERTS JUDGE ROAN
"I May Have Erred, but My Conscience Is Clear," He Tells Condemned Man.
Continued From Page 2.
of his deputies was the signal for a little flurry and the rumor that a verdict had been reached.
Frank's Presence Waived.
Several newspaper men sat on the sixth floor of the uncompleted new courthouses and calmly watched the proceedings of the jurymen on the fourth floor of the old building. The election of Winburn as foreman was noted, as well as other details incident to the deliberations. Finally, it became known that a verdict had been reached. This was an hour before the jurors came downstairs. Finally, it became known that a verdict had been reached. This was an hour before the jurors came downstairs. Judge Roan was sent for "An effort was made to get Solicitor Dorsey, but he could not be reached at once."
Assistant Solicitor E. A. Stephens and Frank Hooper, Dorsey's associate in the case, entered the courtroom and immediately were closeted in conference with Judge Roan. The discussion was in regard to the waiving of the prisoner's presence in the courtroom.
The two attorneys did not wish to sneak definitely for the Solicitor on the matter, but neither could see any objection to the procedure if the waiving was formally made by a representative of Rosser's firm. A little later the spectators were disappointed by the order to clear the courtroom. Dorsey entered just as this order was given. Within five minutes the jury was in the courtroom and the verdict had been returned.
Lanford Says
He Is Vindicated.
Though he has been convicted of the most terrible crime in the history of the South, the friends who have stood steadfastly by Leo Frank during the four long months since Mary Phagan's body was found have not deserted him. They still persist that he is innocent
and declare that time will uncover the guilty person and give the young factory superintendent his freedom.
Rabbi David Marx, one of Frank's staunchest supporters, who has been with the convicted superintendent almost constantly since he was first arrested on suspicion of being connected with the crime, was one of the most surprised men in Atlanta when the verdict was returned. He had confidently expected an acquittal, but even with the sentence of death having over Frank's head, the devotion with which Rabbi Marx has stood by Frank which has been the admiration even of those who believed Frank guilty does not falter.
Rabbi Marx Astounded.
Dr. Marx was with Frank when the latter was notified of the verdict, and eh suffered almost as heavily as the convicted man.
"I am stunned and surprised," Dr. Marx said. "I can not believe it. I know Leo Frank is innocent I know he is incapable of such a crime. My faith in him has not been shaken by the verdict of the jury. I ask that the public suspend final judgement until an appeal for a new trial is made."
Shortly after Frank had been notified of the verdict Dr. Marx left the jail for a conference with Frank's attorneys. He returned later to tend what comfort he could to the prisoner, and remained with him in his cell until a late hour.
Fair Trial, Says Lanford.
Chief of Detectives, Newport Lanford, head of the department when aided in securing the evidence that convicted Frank, has issued a statement declaring that the trial of the factory superintendent was the fairest he had ever seen.
"I have never figured in a case where the prisoner was given more privileges and liberties than Frank has received," Chief Lanford declared. "A body of twelve men in high-standing in the community have found him guilty of the murder of Mary Phagan, and, in my opinion the verdict was a just one. I think nearly everyone who is familiar with the case believes him guilty."
"It is very gratifying to the members of my department that the jury after careful deliberation, found Frank guilty. I am not surprised, however, nor are any of the detectives who have worked on the case."
"We have worked very hard since little Mary Phagan was murdered and have tried to get at the truth regarding the terrible crime. We have been severely condemned by a few persons, most of whom are unfamiliar with the case and with police methods of obtaining evidence, but the verdict of the jury is a complete vindication of our department. We feel that we have received the greatest reward possible -the conviction of the man
FRANK AND HIS WIFE HEAR JURY'S VERDICT
Frank received the news with fortitude the news with fortitude and appeared to be more concerned about his wife than himself. The verdict of the jury was announced to Frank and his wife by Rabbi Marx and Dr. Rosenberg.
responsible for the death of Mary Phagan."
The interest in the residence sections of the city was fully as great as downtown when the verdict came in Monday. Officials of the Southern Bell Telephone Company have made the statement that never in the history of the company have the city telephones been in such universal use as Monday afternoon. Three times as many calls were registered between 2 and 6 o'clock, when the excitement was at its greatest height, as have ever been registered before during an entire day. A special corps of operators was on duty at the exchanges, but they were swamped with the volume of the calls and were unable to attend to more than half of them.
"Old Newt" Lee Is
Released From Tower.
Old Newt Lee, as he was referred to by both sides in the Frank trial, the negro night watchman at the National Pencil Factory, was released Tuesday from the Fulton Tower just four months to a day after his fateful find.
The order for his release was signed by Judge Roan and taken to the jail by his attorneys Graham and Chapelle. Graham left with the negro for the police station, where he got a knife and some other personal effects taken from him at the time of his arrest.
Lee was spruce and as cheerful as a darky in watermelon time as he said goodbye to the Tower. He was rigged up in a new outfit and looked mere prosperous than he probably ever has in his life.
"He came here in rags, but he is leaving with quite a bunch of luggage," said one of the deputies.
The negro said he had had a home before the tragedy, but had lost it since.
"All I know is I'm going to look for work, boss," he said. "I sure got to work to live. I feel weak, just in my body, boss. I feel alright in the head because I never did have nothing to do with that murder and now, they all knows it."
Lee had been in jail since shortly after 3-o'clock April 27, when police, responding to his telephone call, found the strangled. Mary Phagan in the grimy basement. For a time, his indictment "seemed" certain, but by the time the case reached the Grand Jury the State had centered its prosecution on Frank and no action was taken against the negro. The petition freeing him was made on the formal plea of Solicitor Dorsey.
Hooper Praises
Dorsey's Work.
"In all my experience I have never seen a case more thoroughly gotten up than the State's cage against Leo M. Frank, as prepared by Solicitor Dorsey. It was complete throughout there was not an angle but which was investigated to the fullest possible extent."
Thus, spoke Attorney Frank Hooper while awaiting the verdict of the jury.
"Dorsey's sincerity in the prosecution and the thoroughness with which he entered into the detail of each part of his work was such as to arouse the admiration of anyone. He had the case at his finger tips; his knowledge of each phase of the case was complete. His argument was one of the most masterful I have ever heard. I do not think it could have been possible for a case to have been handled in a better manner."
PAGE 17
FRANK TO DIE OCTOBER 10; WILL APPEAL
I AM INNOCENT,' HE
SAYS: MY CASE IS IN
MY LAWYERS' HANDS'
Almost before the dread verdict of "guilty" had ceased ringing in his ears, Leo M. Frank, convicted of slaying Mary Phagan, heard Tuesday the still more terrible words, "sentenced to hang by the neck until dead," before the echo of his own words, "I am innocent" had died away.
Frank will pay the penalty for the murder of Mary Phagan, which the jury Monday agreed he had committed on October 10, unless the efforts of his two lawyers, who already have started a new fight for his life, are successful in postponing the execution or ultimately in cleaning their client. There is little doubt that the execution will be put off, as an appeal will act as a stay.
Sentence had hardly been pronounced by Judge L. S. Roan at 10:40 o'clock Tuesday morning in his courtroom in the Thrower building before Attorney Reuben Arnold was on his feet to make a motion for a new trial.
Judge Roan said that he would set October 4 as the date for hearing the arguments on the motion. It is known that Solicitor Dorsey is most vigorously opposed to any movement looking toward the reopening of the case. He asserted repeatedly during the last days of the trial that the claim of the defense that Frank was not receiving a fair trial was ridiculous on its face.
Wife Waits Outside During Sentence.
While the death penalty was being imposed upon the factory superintendent, his young wife sat outside the Thrower building in an automobile. She had followed her husband in the car, waiting for him as he was taken into court between two deputies and again following him when he was conveyed back to the Tower.
Frank displayed no more emotion than he did during the progress of the long trial. He perhaps, was a trifle paler than usual and his face a bit more haggard, but aside from this none would have known as he stepped firmly down from the Thrower building steps that he was a man on whom the death sentence had just been pronounce
d.
The fight for Frank's life, which may consume many months, arouses a question as to the disposal of Jim Conley. It is the general supposition that Conley's case will be held in abeyance until Frank's fate definitely is determined by a new trial or the decision of the appeal to the Supreme Court.
Newt Lee Released From Custody.
Newt Lee, material witness in the Frank trial and at one time a suspect, was released from custody Tuesday morning after spending exactly four months in jail.
A long and notable legal fight is certain over the effort to save. Frank from paying the penalty fixed by the court. The case will be carried to the highest courts if Judge Roan refuses a new trial.
There was the hush of horror as the dreadful "Hanged by the neck until dead, and may God have mercy on your soul," were uttered by the judge. The signs of Frank's emotion were few as ever. A few minutes later he was asserting, clearly and calmly, his entire innocence.
Frank heard his sentence with but a slight show of nervousness. He stood leaning slightly against the railing in front of the judge's bench looking straight into Judge Roan's eyes. Occasionally he moistened his lips, but otherwise he was calm. His eyes though, were bloodshot and his skin more pronounced white than ever before.
Frank Again Protests Innocence.
Judge Roan addressed him:
"The jury which has been trying you for the last several weeks has found you guilty. Have you anything to say why sentence should not be passed on you at this time?"
Frank leaned slightly against the railing and placed one hand behind his back before replying. Then he said in calm even voice:
"Your Honor, I say now as I have always said: I am inno-
Continued on Page 2, Column 1.
PAGE 18
JURY THAT CONVICTED FRANK AS SLAYER OF MARY PHAGAN
J. T.
OSBURN
J. H. HENSLEE
F. E. WINBURN
W. F. MEDCALF
A. L. WISBEY
W. M. JEFFRIES
M. JOHENNING
DEPUTY HUBER
M. S. WOODWARD
E. V. L.
SMITH
D. TOWNSEND
C. J. BOSSHARDT
J. F.
HIGDON
DEPUTY LIDDELL
WIFE, MOTHER EMBRACE
FRANK AFTER SENTENCE
Continued from Page 1.
Cent. Further than that, I will state that my case is in the hands of my counsel."
The prisoner's voice was so low that for a moment his hearers were not aware that he had finished and a deathly silence reigned. Then Judge Roan spoke:
"Your counsel informs me that they will move for a new trial," he said, addressing Frank, "but in the meantime, it is my sworn duty to pass sentence on you."
"I have tried to give you a fair trial. I may have erred, but I have done my duty as my conscience dictated."
Judge Roan then picked up from his desk the sheet of paper upon which his sentence was written. As he did so, through some slight misunderstanding, the crowd arose to its feet.
"Take your seats; take your seats," said Judge Roan, then read the sentence. In legal form, it was this:
"The State against Leo M. Frank; indictment for murder; Fulton County Superior Court, May Term 1913. Verdict of guilty, July term, August 25, 1913."
"Whereupon it is considered ordered and adjudged by the court that the defendant, Leo M. Frank, be taken from the bar of this court to the common jail in the County of Fulton, and that he safely there kept until his final execution in the manner fixed by law;"
"It is further adjudged by the Court that on the tenth day of October, 1913, that the defendant, Leo M. Frank, be executed by the Sheriff of Fulton County in private witnessed only by the executing officer, a sufficient guard, the relatives of the said defendant and such clergymen and friends as he may desire;"
"Such execution to take place in the common jail of Fulton County, and that said defendant on that day, between the hours of 10 o'clock a. m. and 2 o'clock p. m. be by the Sheriff of Fulton County hanged by the neck until he shall be dead, and may God have mercy on your soul."
"In open court, this 26th day of August, 1913. L. S. Roan, Judge of the Stone Mountain Circuit, presiding."
"When Judge Roan had finished reading the sentence Frank sank back into a chair between his two friends, Leo Strauss and Julian Boehm. His face had grown a bit paler, but the calm stolidity which characterized his attitude throughout the grim proceeding remained.
Attorney Reuben Arnold, who had defended Frank at the trial, arose and addressed Judge Roan.
"Your honor," he said, "we make a motion for a new trial."
"I will hear the arguments on the motion on October 4," replied Judge Roan.
Luther Rosser, Frank's chief of counsel, as heard to remark, aside when this date was fixed: "Well, that will extend the time of execution then."
At 10:40 o'clock Frank took his place between two deputy sheriffs and was escorted down to an automobile waiting below and whisked off to the jail. At the doorway to the Thrower building another automobile containing Mrs. Leo Frank was waiting. When Frank emerged from the building, he exchanged glanced with his wife, but no words were spoken.
When the machine with the prisoner moved out into the street towards the jail Mrs. Frank's automobile fell in behind and followed.
No Women Hear
Sentence Passed.
But a few persons not more than 30 in all heard the passing of the sentence. Amongst them there were but two of Frank's friends, Strauss and Boehm. The other witnesses were made up of Sheriff Mangum, half a dozen deputy sheriffs, numerous court attaches and newspapermen. There were no women in the courtroom.
Frank came in before this counsel. Smilingly the nodded to those in the room. Shortly after he had taken a seat Rosser and Arnold came in and took seats close by Frank.
To Arnold, Frank leaned over and whispered:
"What shall I say?"
"That your case. Is in the hands of your counsel," replied the attorney.
Sheriff Mangum escorted the judge to his bench and stood during the reading of the sentence with his back to the window near the bench, facing the crowd. He did not look at Frank throughout the proceedings.
At the close of the sentence there was no demonstration of any kind. Quietly the crowd filed out behind Frank and waited until the elevator, descending from the fourth floor with the prisoner and his captors only, returned for them.
Wife and Mother
Embrace Prisoner.
The automobile bearing Frank, with the fateful words "sentenced to hang by the neck till dead" still echoing in his ears, arrived back at the grim old Tower at 10:40 o'clock. Frank stepped out between Deputies Burdette and Owens. His face was a bit sallower, hie eyes a little wider open. Otherwise he was the same astoundingly cool prisoner.
The trio walked to the jail door and Frank asked his escorts to wait a moment. A minute later another car drew up and the devoted wife of the convicted slayer alighted, Deputy Scuttles at her side.
Frank's face lighted up. Mrs. Frank smiled the tragic smile of courage and loyalty and they were clasped in each other's arms, the young wife showering kisses on the man who had just heard his doom pronounced.
They disappeared into the gloom of the jail corridor, Mrs. Frank's arm around her husband's shoulder a shielding, motherly embrace that touched the men who walked with averted faces at Frank's side.
A moment more and Frank was in his mother's arms at the cell screened from foreign eyes and words of hopes showered upon him to drown the echo of the terrible pronouncement of a brief while back.
The young woman was dressed in black, relieved only by a white lace collar. She looked composed, but the traces of a night and weeping were in her eyes. The mother was pale and worn. Neither would talk to newspaper men.
Mob Influences
Jury, He Says
Emil Selig, the father-in-law of Frank, brought him his breakfast Tuesday morning. The convicted man, if he suffered any shock from the verdict Monday, was said to have recovered entirely
from it by the morning. He was as stoical as ever and even while in the shadow of the gallows he expressed himself as just as certain that he ultimately would be exonerated of the terrible crime as he was on the first day he was suspected.
"My God'. Even the jury is influenced by mob Law," were the words with which he greeted the news of the verdict Monday afternoon.
Frank was with his wife at the Tower when the intelligence came Rabbi Marx, Dr. Rosenberg, the Frank family physician, and a number of their friends were in the office of Sheriff Mangum, Dr. Rosenberg arriving some minutes after the verdict was known at his courthouse.
Rabbi Marx and Dr. Rosenberg went with the news to the accused man and his wife.
"The jury has found you guilty, see," said the physician.
Mrs. Frank screamed and broke into hysterical weeping. It was her husband who calmed her and assured her that everything would be all right in the end.
Within a few minutes he persuaded her to leave the jail in company with Rabbi Marx and Dr. Rosenberg. The traces of the tears were still on her face when she came through the corridor. With the aid of her escort, she avoided the newspaper men and entered the waiting automobile.
Dr. B. Wildauer came down shortly after. "I am as innocent today as I was a year ago," was Frank's comment on the verdict, according to Dr. Wildauer.
The blinds of the Selig home at No. 68 East Georgia avenue, where Frank and his wife lived with her parents, were closed Tuesday morning. Neighbors said that Mr. and Mrs. Selig and their daughter had stayed with relatives overnight.
Attorney Arnold left for Bedford Springs, Pa., Tuesday afternoon for a month's rest. Mr. Arnold will return to Atlanta in time to participate in the argument for a new trial for the pencil factory superintendent, which has been set for October 4.
I'm as Innocent as I Was
A Year Ago,' Asserts Frank
Just four months after the murder of Mary Phagan, Leo M. Frank stands convicted of the slaying of the slaying of thee 13-year-old girl in the National Pencil factory.
No recommendation for life imprisonment was made by the jurors, this circumstance making it imperative, according to the charge by Judge L. S. Roan, that a sentence of death by hanging be passed upon him. Judge Roan declined to say Tuesday the exact time when he would pass sentence.
Neither the prisoner, his relatives, friends nor any of his counsel appeared in the courtroom when the dread verdict was rendered. The sole representative of the defendant was Stiles Hopkins, a member of the firm of Rosser, Brandon, Sigton & Phillips, who was designated present and nave for Attorneys Rosser and Arnold the presence of the prisoner. A motion for a new trial will be made by Rosser and Arnold.
Populace Cheers Verdict.
The jurors were quick in arriving at their ballot. The case was given into their hands at 12:49. They went immediately to lunch and returned to the courthouse at 1:35. They proceeded to the election to the election of Fred Winburn as foreman and entered upon an informal discussion of the merits of the case. It was apparent that the jurymen were practically of one mind. They cast their ballot. At 3:21 it was known that the verdict was "guilty." At 4:56 the result was announced in the courtroom.
To avoid any sort of a demonstration, the courtroom was cleared of all spectators when it became known that the jury was ready to render its verdict. Everyone was excluded except Solicitor Dorsey, Attorney Hooper and attaches of Dorsey's office, several other members of the bar and newspaper man.
Hardly had Foreman Winburn read the words which branded the young factory superintendent a murderer before a mighty shout went up outside the building. The great crowds surging on all sides of the courthouse seemed to have had occult knowledge of the verdict at the very instant it was given utterance.
The news spread like magic. While the cheers still were rending the air, newsboys swooped down upon the courthouse and radiated in different directions from their offices, crying the extras on the verdict.
Frank was in the Tower with his young wife when the verdict was returned.
"My God! Even the jury was influenced by mob law," was the exclamation with which the accused man met the news of the verdict of guilty."
"I am as innocent as I was one year ago," be continued.
Frank would not talk at length to the newspaper men. His wife, who had shown the strain of the last hours of the trial throughout the day, collapsed in tears. Rabbi Marx and other friends of the family were at the tail when the fateful news came. They declared that nothing had developed since the beginning of the trial to shake their belief in Frank's entire innocence.
After the concluding words of the judge's charge Monday afternoon, the jury fled from the courtroom and several score of persons took advantage of the leniency of the court deputies to crowd inside the doors.
In a haze of smoke from innumerable cigars and cigarettes and from the explosion of flash light powder, the motley roomful of spectators waited impatiently for some sign that jurors were ready to return to the room. Any unexplained move on the part of Sheriff Mangum or one
Continued on Page 4, Column 1.
PAGE 19
WE ONLY DO OUR DUTY', SAYS MAN WHO HELPED CONVICT FRANK
Dorsey's Plea of Great Weight---Only Wondered at Prisoner's Statement
JUROR'S STORY OF HOW
EVIDENCE WAS WEIGHED
AND VERDICT REACHED
The Georgian today reveals some of the innermost secrets of the jury which convicted Leo M. Frank of the murder of little Mary Phagan. This inside story of the greatest criminal case in the South's history is an intensely interesting revelation of the workings of men's minds.
It casts upon the various points made by the defense and the prosecution the light in which they were viewed by the twelve men who were chosen to act as the judges. It ends with the last memorable meeting of these men on the top floor of the courthouse Monday afternoon which culminated in the fateful verdict: "We the jury find the defendant guilty."
The information is given herewith as it was obtained by a reporter for this newspaper from one of the jurors late Monday night while the full weight of his grim burden still rested upon him. It is told in his own, impressive words.
"It was the only thing we could do. The evidence was against Frank from start to finish. And so, we did our duty, as we had sworn to do."
Dorsey's Youth and
Sincerity Won.
"It would be hard to say what, of all the trial, made the greatest impression on the jury. It was probably the Solicitor General himself. He was a marvel. His youthful appearance, coupled with his sincerity, made a wonderful hit. There wasn't a minute of the hours that he spoke that he didn't seem to mean every word that he uttered."
"Dorsey is a forceful speaker. He puts emphasis behind his words. And he drives his points clear in and clinched, them on the other side. They had stuck with us. They had the evidence behind them to make them stick."
"His theory of the murder was the one we accepted. It was the one the evidence upheld. That was the way Frank killed that girl."
"While the negro watched downstairs, he took the little girl back into the metal room and struck her, and then with a cord strangled her to death. Then those notes were written as the negro told us and placed beside the body."
"In the Dorsey's argument there was one little sentence which seemed to imbed itself in the minds of every man on the jury, when he was speaking of the agreement between Frank and Conley that the negro should come back to the factory and burn the body. The sentence was this: And if the smoke from that little girl's burning body had gone curling up into the air, old Jim Conley would have hanged for another man's crime.'"
Hooper's Action
Had Its Effect.
"Those words went a long way toward keeping Jim Conley from Hanging, probably. They
drew a contrast between right and wrong which made us look again into the evidence before us. And the narrow escape which the negro had made us shudder."
"There was another thing which impressed that jury. It was Frank Hooper's sacrifice to Dorsey. We called it that. Hooper had the chance of his lifetime there to make a wonderful speech when he opened the State's argument. We were half expecting one. His reputation was known to us. And when he ended there was some disappointment. We said he had not done his best.
"Then we saw his sacrifices. He had only made a plain statement of the State's case and left for the Solicitor General whatever fame and fortune there was to be won by the State's counsel."
"The jury heard none of the cheering for Dorsey outside the courtroom at any time. We heard the crowds in the courtroom laugh at times, and we laughed, too, but that had no effect."
"Probably the hardest job we had was to sit there and face Frank's mother and his wife with the slowly growing feeling of the defendant's guilt. Some of the jurors cried when Frank's wife broke down following his speech. It was an impressive thing to us. Yet it didn't effect the evidence."
Frank's Speech
Caused Wonder.
"The trouble with Frank's speech was the same as the trouble with the entire defense. The evidence declared to us that he was guilty and no words of his could disprove that fact. Everybody felt the weight his wonderful calm and dispassionate manner carried while he was talking. Yet the marvel was that a guilty man could do it. That was all."
"The defense made a wonderful fight with the evidence they had. Mr. Arnold was admired for his skillful work by every member of the jury. We saw every point that he brought out, and yet they all lacked weight."
"Probably nothing else in the whole case was of more interest to us that Luther Rosser's cross-examination of Conley. We thought it was a master's display of human ingenuity. Yet in the jury's mind it was like skyrocket, soaring up into the heavens to cast its fountain of brilliance about and then die out. The negro's story remained as he had told it. That had a tremendous effect in the verdict."
"Then there was that cabbage. It was astonishing the amount of knowledge was displayed by the members of the jury when the technicalities of medicine were brought out. We understood it all. The specimen of cabbage taken from the little Phagan girl's stomach was passed around amongst us in the jury room and we could easily see that it had not been digested."
"That also had its effect. There were men amongst us who luckily were well up on digestion. The experts said very little that we did not understand. But I will venture to say that few of the men of that jury will ever eat cabbage again."
Full Force of
Deputy Strikes Home.
"It is a terrific thing to be on a jury which holds a man's life in its hands. The weight seems heaviest during the early days of the trial. You are struck with the somber faces of your fellow jurymen first; then in the mirror you see that your own face is as somber as the real, and the full force of the duty in front of you strikes home. You realize that before you become a freeman again you shall have disposed of the life of a fellowman."
"Yet, strange to say, there wasn't one among us who tried to flinch from his full share of the work. Each seemed eager from the start to do what he had sworn to do, and the determination seemed to grow as the days passed. When we left the courtroom this afternoon with the judge's charge there wasn't a doubt in the mind of anyone of us that justice would be done. I think that thought, in a great measure, was the cause for our quick decision."
"Of course, we didn't dream that the case would last as long as it did. Some of us hadn't prepared for it. It meant a loss of a great deal of money to many of the men. Yet when this was brought up along in the second week, when no end was in sight, it took only one mention of the task before us to make all else look infinitesimally small. Jurydom is a sphere where money is not known."
First Week Was
Longest of All.
"The first week of the trial was longer than all the rest put together. It was a bit difficult for us to get acquainted. We were all a little bit suspicious of each other. Outside of a few comments on immaterialities, practicality nothing was said about the case. We didn't care to talk about it, even to our roommates."
"Then somebody brought in a checker board and someone else a deck of cards. The social life in jury quarters blossomed out in full blast."
"It was a most welcome diversion, too. We had little enough exercise as it was and there was nothing left but to brood on the case."
"And by the middle of the second week, there wasn't a more sociable and jolly set of men this side of heaven, I don't believe. There were checker matches and setback tournaments and a great rivalry for the championships. I don't believe that there was an amateur among the bunch which went into that jury who didn't come out an expert. With nothing else to do much at night, one can learn a great deal about cards and checkers in three weeks."
"There was no gambling. And each Sunday we read from the Bible and sang religious songs. In fact, we held regular services every Sabbath day. It didn't matter what churches we belonged to; each was as fervent as the other. While in Rome we did
Trial a Farce, Say Attorneys
L. Z. Rosser and Reuben Arnold, counsel for Leo Frank, issued the following statement this morning:
"We deem it not amiss to make a short statement, as the attorneys of Leo M. Frank, to the public."
"The trial which has just occurred, and which has resulted in Mr. Frank's conviction, was a farce and not in any way a trial. In saying this, we do not make the least criticism of Judge Roan who presided. Judge Roan is one of the best men in Georgia, and is an able and conscientious judge."
"The temper of the public mind was such that it invaded the courtroom and invaded the streets and made itself manifest at every turn the jury made; and it was just as impossible for this jury to escape the effects of this public feeling as if they had been turned loose and had been permitted to mingle with the people."
"In doing this we are making no criticism of the jury. They were only men, and unconsciously this prejudice rendered any other verdict impossible."
"It would have required a jury of stoics, a jury of Spartans, to have withstood this situation."
"The time ought to come when this man will get a fair trial, and we profoundly believe that it will."
"The final judgement of the American people is a fair one. It is sometimes delayed in coming, but it comes."
"We entered into this case with the profound conviction of Mr. Frank's innocence. The result has not changed our opinion. Every step of the trial has intensified and fortified our profound conviction of his innocence."
"L. Z. ROSSER,
"H. R. ARNOLD."
As the Romans do. Seriously, though, I think that the proposition we were up against in judging of a man's life had a good deal do with that fervor."
Same Word On
Each Jury Slip.
"As for the judgement witnessed, there is little to say. As weighty as the task may seem, it was simple. There was but one ballot and on the twelve slips which were handed into Foreman Winburn the single word guilty' was written. Yet, no one seemed surprised. There was an unanimity of feeling amongst us."
"Don't think that we had not considered the case fully. And don't think that there was a man amongst us that wanted to do what we did. Yet, day after day, the pressure grew heavier, as the case was put before us. From a slight head it became an oppression; then a nausea and at last a sickening scene of the grim fact that, Frank was guilty and we were going to give the world that verdict."
"It was horrible that time we spent in deliberation. Everyone knew what was going to be done, though hardly a word was spoken, u
ntil we had agreed. We were spellbound with dread. Then someone suggested a drink. That enlivened us and we began to breathe again."
"You ask what brought us to our verdict so readily? I have told you. It was the only thing that could be done, and we knew it, even as we ascended the stairs to the jury this afternoon. No argument was needed."
Pierce Loses Pinkerton Job
By Actions in Phagan Case
As a result of the charges made by the police of unfair dealings by the Pinkerton operatives in the investigation of the Phagan case. H. B. Pierce, superintendent of the agency in Atlanta, tendered his resignation. It was promptly accepted by A. K. Corwardin, general superintendent, of New Orleans, who arrived in the city Monday.
Insubordination to the agency's rule demanding the co-operation of its operatives with the local police in criminal investigations was charged against the superintendent.
The specific charge which brought about the removal of Pierce grew out of the finding of the blood-stained stick on the first floor of the pencil factory by Pinkerton operatives. It was claimed by the police that the stick was withheld from them by Pierce, to whom it was turned in by the finders, and the butt of a buggy whip substituted. The stick itself was turned over to the defense.
"This action by Mr. Pierce was in direct opposition to the rules of the Pinkerton Agency," said Mr. Corwardin. "Our charter to operate in Atlanta carries the agreement that our men withhold nothing from the city police which they may secure in investigations of criminal cases."
"Explicit orders demanding that this agreement be carried through to the letter have been in effect in the Atlanta office since the agency was started here, and when Mr. Pierce disobeyed them, there was but one thing left to do."
While no intimation was given by General Superintendent Corwardin as to who would be Pierce's successor, it is generally reported that Harry Scott would be appointed to fill the position. The report is founded on the withdrawal of Scott's appointment to the superintendency of the Houston, Texas, office, which was made shortly before the charges against Pierce were made public. This promotion of Scott was made as a result of his work in the Phagan case investigation, in which he was the field marshal for the Pinkertons.
Mr. Corwardin admitted that Scott would stay in Atlanta.
a href="https://www.leofrank.com/pdfs/archive-atlanta-georgian/atlanta-georgian-august-26-1913-frank-guilty-on-first-ballot.pdf">Tuesday, 26th August 1913 Frank, Guilty On First Ballot
*Four examples of Gasoline where modified. Gasoline is thought to be a misspelling of Haskoline. 4 places Gasoline was changed to Haskoline, a white powder used in factories as a machine lubricant.
- Monday, 28th April 1913 10,000 Throng Morgue to See Body of Victim [Last Updated On: September 13th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 18th, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 12-Year-Old Girl Sobs Her Love for Slain Child [Last Updated On: September 13th, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 9th, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 3 Youths Seen Leading Along a Reeling Girl [Last Updated On: September 13th, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 10th, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 Arrested as Girl’s Slayer [Last Updated On: September 13th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 31st, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 Body Dragged by Deadly Cord After Terrific Fight [Last Updated On: September 13th, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 8th, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 Chief and Sleuths Trace Steps in Slaying of Girl [Last Updated On: September 13th, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 7th, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 City Chemist Tests Stains For Blood [Last Updated On: September 13th, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 6th, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 Gantt Was Infatuated With Girl; at Factory Saturday [Last Updated On: September 3rd, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 5th, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 Girl and His Landlady Defend Mullinax [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 4th, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 Girl to Be Buried in Marietta To-morrow [Last Updated On: September 13th, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 3rd, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 Girl’s Grandfather Vows Vengeance [Last Updated On: September 13th, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 2nd, 2023]
- Monday, the 28th Day of April-1913, Horrible Mistake, Pleads Arthur Mullinax, Denying Crime, The Atlanta Georgian [Last Updated On: November 18th, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 “I Could Trust Mary Anywhere,” Her Weeping Mother Says [Last Updated On: November 23rd, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 11th, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 Incoherent Notes Add to Mystery in Strangling Case [Last Updated On: November 18th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 8th, 2023]
- Monday, the 28th Day of April-1913, Lifelong Friend Saw Girl and Man After Midnight, Hearst's Atlanta Georgian [Last Updated On: November 18th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 30th, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 Look for Negro to Break Down [Last Updated On: September 14th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 29th, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 Mullinax Blundered in Statement, Say Police [Last Updated On: September 14th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 28th, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 Negro is Not Guilty, Says Factory Head [Last Updated On: September 14th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 27th, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 Neighbors of Slain Girl Cry for Vengeance [Last Updated On: September 14th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 26th, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 Pinkertons Take Up Hunt for Slayer [Last Updated On: September 14th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 25th, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 Playful Girl With Not a Bad Thought [Last Updated On: September 14th, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 12th, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 Police Question Factory Superintendent [Last Updated On: September 15th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 24th, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 Slain Girl Modest and Quiet, He Says [Last Updated On: September 15th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 23rd, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 Soda Clerk Sought in Phagan Mystery [Last Updated On: September 15th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 22nd, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 Story of the Killing as the Meager Facts Reveal It [Last Updated On: September 15th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 21st, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 Suspect Gantt Tells His Own Story [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 20th, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 Where and With Whom Was Mary Phagan Before End? [Last Updated On: September 15th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 19th, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th April 1913 Bartender Confirms Gantts Statement [Last Updated On: September 15th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 16th, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th April 1913 Charge is Basest of Lies, Declares Gantt [Last Updated On: September 15th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 15th, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th April 1913 Factory Employee May Be Taken Any Moment [Last Updated On: September 15th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 14th, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th April 1913 Factory Head Frank and Watchman Newt Lee are Sweated by Police [Last Updated On: September 15th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 13th, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th April 1913 Former Playmates Meet Girl’s Body at Marietta [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 12th, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th April 1913 Guilt Will Be Fixed Detectives Declare [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 11th, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th April 1913 I Feel as Though I Could Die, Sobs Mary Phagans Grief-Stricken Sister [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 17th, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th April 1913 Is the Guilty Man Among Those Held? [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 10th, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th April 1913 Keeper of Rooming House Enters Case [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 9th, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th April 1913 Loyalty Sends Girl to Defend Mullinax [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 15th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 29th April 1913 Negro Watchman is Accused by Slain Girl’s Stepfather [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 14th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 29th April 1913 Nude Dancers Pictures Upon Factory Walls [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 13th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 29th April 1913 Pastor Prays for Justice at Girls Funeral [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 12th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 29th April 1913 Seek Clew in Queer Words in Odd Notes [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 11th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 29th April 1913 Slayers Hand Print Left On Arm Of Girl [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 10th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Boy Sweetheart Says Girl Was to Meet Him Saturday [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 20th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 City Offers $1,000 as Phagan Case Reward [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 19th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Clock Misses Add Mystery to Phagan Case [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 31st, 2022]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Confirms Lee’s Story of Shirt [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Girl’s Death Laid to Factory Evils [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 4th, 2023]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Great Crowd at Phagan Inquest [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 3rd, 2023]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Handwriting of Notes is Identified as Newt Lees [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 21st, 2022]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Leo Frank’s Friends Denounce Detention [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 30th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Looks Like Frank is Trying to Put Crime on Me, Says Lee [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 24th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Machinist Tells of Hair Found in Factory Lathe [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 22nd, 2022]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Mother Prays That Son May Be Released [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 29th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Net Closing About Lee, Says Lanford [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 23rd, 2022]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Newt Lee on Stand at Inquest Tells His Side of Phagan Case [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 7th, 2023]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Newt Lees Testimony as He Gave It at the Inquest [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 6th, 2023]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Policeman Says Body Was Dragged From Elevator [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 5th, 2023]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Reward of $1,000 Urged by Mayor [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 18th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Sergeant Brown Tells His Story of Finding of Body [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 28th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Sisters New Story Likely to Clear Gantt as Suspect [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 16th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Tells Jury He Saw Girl and Mullinax Together [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 25th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Tells of Watchman Lee Explaining the Notes [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 27th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Went Down Scuttle Hole on Ladder to Reach Body [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 2nd, 2023]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Witness Saw Slain Girl and Man at Factory Door [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 26th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Writing Test Points to Negro [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 17th, 2022]
- Thursday, 1st May 1913 State Enters Phagan Case; Frank and Lee are Taken to Tower [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 9th, 2022]
- Thursday, 1st May 1913 Terminal Official Certain He Saw Girl [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 8th, 2022]
- Friday, 2nd May 1913 Dorsey Puts Own Sleuths Onto Phagan Slaying Case [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 7th, 2022]
- Friday, 2nd May 1913 Police Still Puzzled by Mystery of Phagan Case [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 6th, 2022]
- Saturday, 3rd May 1913 Analysis of Blood Stains May Solve Phagan Mystery [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 5th, 2022]
- Sunday, 4th May 1913 Dr. John E. White Writes on the Phagan Case [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2022]
- Sunday, 4th May 1913 Gov. Brown on the Phagan Case [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 4th, 2022]
- Sunday, 4th May 1913 Grand Jury to Take Up Phagan Case To-morrow [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 3rd, 2022]
- Sunday, 4th May 1913 Old Police Reporter Analyzes Mystery Phagan Case Solution Far Off, He Says [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 2nd, 2022]
- Sunday, 4th May 1913 Slayer of Mary Phagan May Still be at Large [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 30th, 2022]
- Monday, 5th May 1913 Coroners Jury Likely to Hold Both Prisoners [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 24th, 2022]
- Monday, 5th May 1913 Crowds at Phagan Inquest [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 29th, 2022]
- Monday, 5th May 1913 Frank on Witness Stand [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 26th, 2022]
- Monday, 5th May 1913 Judge Charges Grand Jury to Go Deeply Into Phagan Mystery [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 28th, 2022]
- Monday, 5th May 1913 Judge W. D. Ellis Charges Grand Jury to Probe into Phagan Slaying Mystery [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 27th, 2022]
- Monday, 5th May 1913 Phagan Girl’s Body Exhumed [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 25th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 6th May 1913 Bowen Still Held by Houston Police in the Phagan Case [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 22nd, 2022]
- Tuesday, 6th May 1913 Brother Declares Bowen Left Georgia in August [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 21st, 2022]
- Tuesday, 6th May 1913 Frank’s Testimony Fails to Lift Veil of Mystery [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 18th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 6th May 1913 How Frank Spent Day of Tragedy [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 20th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 6th May 1913 Newest Clews in Phagan Case Not Yet Public [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 23rd, 2022]
- Tuesday, 6th May 1913 Phagan Case and the Solicitor Generals Power Under Law—Dorsey Hasnt Encroached on Coroner [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 19th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 7th May 1913 Employe of Lunch Stand Near Pencil Factory is Trailed to Alabama [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 16th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 7th May 1913 Lee is Quizzed by Dorsey for New Evidence [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 15th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 7th May 1913 Phagan Girls Body Again Exhumed for Finger-Print Clews [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 14th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 7th May 1913 Solicitor Dorsey Orders Body Exhumed in the Hope of Getting New Evidence [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 17th, 2022]
- Thursday, 8th May 1913 Another Clew in Phagan Case is Worthless [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 5th, 2022]
- Thursday, 8th May 1913 Black Testifies Quinn Denied Visiting Factory [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 31st, 2022]
- Thursday, 8th May 1913 Boots Rogers Tells How Body Was Found [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 10th, 2022]
- Thursday, 8th May 1913 Didnt See Girl Late Saturday, He Admits [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 11th, 2022]
- Thursday, 8th May 1913 Frank Answers Questions Nervously When Recalled [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 3rd, 2022]
- Thursday, 8th May 1913 Frank of Nervous Nature; Says Superintendent Aide [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 1st, 2022]
- Thursday, 8th May 1913 Girl Employe on Fourth Floor of Factory Saturday [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 6th, 2022]
- Thursday, 8th May 1913 Grand Jury to Sift the Evidence in the Phagan Case Within the Next Few Days [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 9th, 2022]
- Thursday, 8th May 1913 Inquest Scene is Dramatic in its Tenseness [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 13th, 2022]
- Thursday, 8th May 1913 Lee Repeats His Private Conversation With Frank [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 30th, 2022]
- Thursday, 8th May 1913 Leo Frank is Again Quizzed by Coroner [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 4th, 2022]
- Thursday, 8th May 1913 Pinkerton Detective Tells of Call From Factory Head [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 2nd, 2022]
- Thursday, 8th May 1913 Police Still Withhold Evidence; Frank To Be Examined on New Lines [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 12th, 2022]
- Thursday, 8th May 1913 Quinn, Foreman Over Slain Girl, Tells of Seeing Frank [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 8th, 2022]
- Thursday, 8th May 1913 Stenographer in Factory Office on Witness Stand [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: November 7th, 2022]
- Friday, 9th May 1913 Best Detective in America Now is on Case, Says Dorsey [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 29th, 2022]
- Saturday, 10th May 1913 Guard of Secrecy is Thrown About Phagan Search by Solicitor [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 28th, 2022]
- Sunday, 11th May 1913 Caught Frank With Girl in Park, He Says [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 25th, 2022]
- Sunday, 11th May 1913 Frank is Awaiting Action of the Grand Jury Calmly [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 24th, 2022]
- Sunday, 11th May 1913 Mary Phagans Death Only Assured Fact Developed [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 26th, 2022]
- Sunday, 11th May 1913 Weak Evidence Against Men in Phagan Slaying [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 27th, 2022]
- Monday, 12th May 1913 Burns Called into Phagan Mystery; On Way From Europe [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 23rd, 2022]
- Monday, 12th May 1913 Phagan Case is Delayed [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 22nd, 2022]
- Tuesday, 13th May 1913 Frank’s Life in Tower [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 20th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 13th May 1913 Mother Thinks Police Are Doing Their Best [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 19th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 13th May 1913 New Theory is Offered in Phagan Mystery [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 21st, 2022]
- Wednesday, 14th May 1913 Friends Say Franks Actions Point to Innocence [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 17th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 14th May 1913 Secret Hunt by Burns in Mystery is Likely [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 18th, 2022]
- Thursday, 15th May 1913 Burns Investigator Will Probe Slaying [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 16th, 2022]
- Friday, 16th May 1913 $1,000 Offered Burns to Take Phagan Case [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 13th, 2022]
- Friday, 16th May 1913 Burns Hunt for Phagan Slayer Begun [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 15th, 2022]
- Friday, 16th May 1913 Secret Probe Began by Burns Agent into the Phagan Mystery [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 14th, 2022]
- Saturday, 17th May 1913 New Phagan Witnesses Have Been Found [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 12th, 2022]
- Sunday, 18th May 1913 Burns, Called in as Last Resort, Faces Cold Trail in Baffling Phagan Case [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 11th, 2022]
- Sunday, 18th May 1913 Burns Sleuth Makes Report in Phagan Case [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 10th, 2022]
- Sunday, 18th May 1913 Greeks Add to Fund to Solve Phagan Case [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 9th, 2022]
- Monday, 19th May 1913 Burns Agent Outlines Phagan Theory [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2022]
- Monday, 19th May 1913 Burns Eager to Solve Phagan Case [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 8th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 20th May 1913 Cases Ready Against Lee and Leo Frank [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 6th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 21st May 1913 T. B. Felder Repudiates Report of Activity for Frank [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 5th, 2022]
- Thursday, 22nd May 1913 Grand Jury Wont Hear Leo Frank or Lee [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 4th, 2022]
- Friday, 23rd May 1913 Dictograph Record Used Against Felder [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 28th, 2022]
- Friday, 23rd May 1913 Felder Denies Phagan Bribe; Calls Colyar Crook and Liar [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 30th, 2022]
- Friday, 23rd May 1913 Felder Denies Phagan Bribery; Dictograph Record Used Against Felder [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 2nd, 2022]
- Friday, 23rd May 1913 Frank Feeling Fine But Will Not Discuss His Case [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 1st, 2022]
- Friday, 23rd May 1913 Here is Affidavit Charging Bribery [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 29th, 2022]
- Friday, 23rd May 1913 Indictment of Both Lee and Frank is Asked [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: October 3rd, 2022]
- Saturday, 24th May 1913 Beavers Says He Will Seek Indictments [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 16th, 2022]
- Saturday, 24th May 1913 Blease Ironic in Comments on Felder Trap [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 17th, 2022]
- Saturday, 24th May 1913 Colyar Called Convict and Insane [Last Updated On: September 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 20th, 2022]
- Saturday, 24th May 1913 Colyar Held for Forgery [Last Updated On: September 17th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 26th, 2022]
- Saturday, 24th May 1913 Dictograph Catches Mayor in Net [Last Updated On: September 17th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 27th, 2022]
- Saturday, 24th May 1913 Dictograph Record Alleged Bribe Offer [Last Updated On: October 21st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 2nd, 2020]
- Saturday, 24th May 1913 Felder Charges Police Plot to Shield Slayer [Last Updated On: September 17th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 21st, 2022]
- Saturday, 24th May 1913 Felders Fight is to Get Chief and Lanford Out of Office [Last Updated On: September 17th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 15th, 2022]
- Saturday, 24th May 1913 Frame-Up Aimed at Burns Men, Says Tobie [Last Updated On: September 17th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 18th, 2022]
- Saturday, 24th May 1913 Jones Attacks Beavers and Charges Police Crookedness [Last Updated On: September 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 25th, 2022]
- Saturday, 24th May 1913 Mayor Admits Dictograph is Correct [Last Updated On: September 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 24th, 2022]
- Saturday, 24th May 1913 Miles Says He Had Mayor Go to Room [Last Updated On: September 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 22nd, 2022]
- Saturday, 24th May 1913 Plot on Life of Beavers Told by Colyar [Last Updated On: September 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 23rd, 2022]
- Saturday, 24th May 1913 Strangulation Charge is in Indictments [Last Updated On: September 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 19th, 2022]
- Sunday, 25th May 1913 Attorney, in Long Statement, Claims Dictograph Records Against Him Padded [Last Updated On: September 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 13th, 2022]
- Sunday, 25th May 1913 Colyar Arrest Proper End to Plot of Crook [Last Updated On: September 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 10th, 2022]
- Sunday, 25th May 1913 Colyar, Held as Forger, is Freed on Bond; Long Crime Record Charged [Last Updated On: September 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 12th, 2022]
- Sunday, 25th May 1913 Dorsey to Present Graft Charges if They Stand Up [Last Updated On: September 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 9th, 2022]
- Sunday, 25th May 1913 Ill Indict Gang, Says Beavers [Last Updated On: September 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 14th, 2022]
- Sunday, 25th May 1913 Long Criminal Record of Colyar is Cited [Last Updated On: September 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 11th, 2022]
- Monday, 26th May 1913 Accuses Tobie of Kidnaping Attempt [Last Updated On: September 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 3rd, 2022]
- Monday, 26th May 1913 Evidence Against Frank Conclusive, Say Police [Last Updated On: September 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 5th, 2022]
- Monday, 26th May 1913 Lay Bribery Effort to Franks Friends [Last Updated On: September 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 7th, 2022]
- Monday, 26th May 1913 Mason Blocks Attempt to Oust Chief [Last Updated On: September 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 1st, 2022]
- Monday, 26th May 1913 Mayor Eager to Bring Back Tenderloin, Declares Chief [Last Updated On: September 20th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 6th, 2022]
- Monday, 26th May 1913 Mayor Gives Out Sizzling Reply to Chief Beavers [Last Updated On: September 20th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 4th, 2022]
- Monday, 26th May 1913 Pinkerton Man Says Frank is Guilty [Last Updated On: September 20th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 2nd, 2022]
- Monday, 26th May 1913 Will Take Charge of Graft to Grand Jury for Vindication [Last Updated On: September 20th, 2023] [Originally Added On: September 8th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 27th May 1913 Burns Man Quits Case; Declares He Is Opposed [Last Updated On: September 20th, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 30th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 27th May 1913 Felder Aide Offers Vice List to Chief [Last Updated On: September 20th, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 29th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 27th May 1913 State Faces Big Task in Trial of Frank as Slayer [Last Updated On: September 20th, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 28th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 27th May 1913 Suspicion Turned to Conley; Accused by Factory Foreman [Last Updated On: September 20th, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 31st, 2022]
- Wednesday, 28th May 1913 Chief Beavers to Renew His Vice War [Last Updated On: September 20th, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 24th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 28th May 1913 Conley Says Frank Took Him to Plant on Day of Slaying [Last Updated On: September 20th, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 28th May 1913 Conley Was in Factory on Day of Slaying [Last Updated On: September 21st, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 26th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 28th May 1913 Woman Writes in Defense of Leo M. Frank [Last Updated On: September 21st, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 25th, 2022]
- Thursday, 29th May 1913 Burns Joins in Hunt for Phagan Slayer [Last Updated On: September 21st, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 23rd, 2022]
- Thursday, 29th May 1913 Conley Re-enacts in Plant Part He Says He Took in Slaying [Last Updated On: September 21st, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 21st, 2022]
- Thursday, 29th May 1913 Felder Bribery Charge Expected [Last Updated On: September 21st, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 22nd, 2022]
- Thursday, 29th May 1913 Negro Conleys Affidavit Lays Bare Slaying [Last Updated On: September 22nd, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 20th, 2022]
- Thursday, 29th May 1913 Ready to Indict Conley as an Accomplice [Last Updated On: September 22nd, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 19th, 2022]
- Friday, 30th May 1913 Negro Conley Now Says He Helped to Carry Away Body [Last Updated On: September 22nd, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 18th, 2022]
- Saturday, 31st May 1913 Conley Star Actor in Dramatic Third Degree [Last Updated On: September 22nd, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 15th, 2022]
- Saturday, 31st May 1913 Plan to Confront Conley and Frank for New Admission [Last Updated On: September 22nd, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 16th, 2022]
- Saturday, 31st May 1913 Silence of Conley Put to End by Georgian [Last Updated On: September 23rd, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 17th, 2022]
- Saturday, 31st May 1913 Special Session of Grand Jury Called [Last Updated On: September 23rd, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 14th, 2022]
- Sunday, 1st June 1913 Confession of Conley Makes No Changes in States Case [Last Updated On: September 23rd, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 9th, 2022]
- Sunday, 1st June 1913 Conley is Unwittingly Friend of Frank, Says Old Police Reporter [Last Updated On: September 23rd, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 13th, 2022]
- Sunday, 1st June 1913 Conleys Story Cinches Case Against Frank, Says Lanford [Last Updated On: September 23rd, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 11th, 2022]
- Sunday, 1st June 1913 Dorseys Grill Fails to Make Conley Admit Hand in Killing [Last Updated On: September 24th, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 12th, 2022]
- Sunday, 1st June 1913 Today is Mary Phagans Birthday; Mother Tells of Party She Planned [Last Updated On: September 24th, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 10th, 2022]
- Monday, 2nd June 1913 5 to Testify Frank Was at Home at Hour Negro Says He Aided [Last Updated On: September 24th, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 8th, 2022]
- Monday, 2nd June 1913 Beavers to Talk Over the Felder Row With Dorsey [Last Updated On: September 24th, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 7th, 2022]
- Monday, 2nd June 1913 Negro Cook at Home Where Frank Lived Held by the Police [Last Updated On: September 24th, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 6th, 2022]
- Tuesday, the 3rd of June, 1913, Bitter Fight Certain in Trial of Leo Frank [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 4th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 3rd June 1913 Felder Says He Will Lay Bare Startling Police Graft Plans [Last Updated On: October 5th, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 5th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 4th June 1913 Cooks Sensational Affidavit [Last Updated On: October 5th, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 3rd, 2022]
- Wednesday, 4th June 1913 Fain Named in Vice Quiz as Resort Visitor [Last Updated On: October 5th, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 2nd, 2022]
- Wednesday, 4th June 1913 Franks Cook Was Counted Upon as Defense Witness [Last Updated On: October 5th, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 1st, 2022]
- Thursday, 5th June 1913 Challenges Felder to Prove His Charge [Last Updated On: October 6th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 31st, 2022]
- Thursday, 5th June 1913 Cook Repudiates Entire Affidavit Police Possess [Last Updated On: October 6th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 27th, 2022]
- Thursday, 5th June 1913 I Know My Husband is Innocent, Asserts Wife of Leo M. Frank [Last Updated On: October 6th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 29th, 2022]
- Thursday, 5th June 1913 Mother Here to Aid Frank in Trial [Last Updated On: October 6th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 30th, 2022]
- Thursday, 5th June 1913 New Conley Confession Reported to Jury [Last Updated On: October 6th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 28th, 2022]
- Friday, 6th June 1913 Chief Says Law Balks His War on Vice [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 26th, 2022]
- Friday, 6th June 1913 Report Negro Found Who Saw Phagan Attack [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 25th, 2022]
- Saturday, 7th June 1913 Defense Bends Efforts to Prove Conley Slayer [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 22nd, 2022]
- Saturday, 7th June 1913 Defense Digs Deep to Show Conley is Phagan Girl Slayer [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 24th, 2022]
- Saturday, 7th June 1913 Mrs. Frank Attacks Solicitor H. M. Dorsey in a New Statement [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 23rd, 2022]
- Sunday, 8th June 1913 Fair Play Alone Can Find Truth in Phagan Puzzle, Declares Old Reporter [Last Updated On: October 8th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 21st, 2022]
- Monday, 9th June 1913 Foreman Tells Why He Holds Conley Guilty [Last Updated On: October 8th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 20th, 2022]
- Monday, 9th June 1913 Rosser Asks Grand Jury Grill for Conley [Last Updated On: October 8th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 17th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 10th June 1913 Eyewitness to Phagan Slaying Sought [Last Updated On: October 8th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 19th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 10th June 1913 Indictment of Felder and Fain Asked [Last Updated On: October 8th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 18th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 11th June 1913 Asks Beavers to Investigate Affidavit [Last Updated On: October 9th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 14th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 11th June 1913 Felder Returns Phagan Fund to Givers [Last Updated On: October 9th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 16th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 11th June 1913 Plot Exposed, Says Felder, But Lanford Doubts Affidavit [Last Updated On: October 9th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 13th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 11th June 1913 Police Hold Conley By Courts Order [Last Updated On: October 9th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 15th, 2022]
- Thursday, 12th June 1913 Face Conley and Frank, Lanford Urges [Last Updated On: October 9th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 12th, 2022]
- Friday, 13th June 1913 Judge Roan to Decide Conleys Jail Fate [Last Updated On: October 10th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 9th, 2022]
- Friday, 13th June 1913 Negro Freed But Jailed Again On Suspicion [Last Updated On: October 10th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 11th, 2022]
- Saturday, 14th June 1913 Sheriff Mangum Near End, Says Lawyer Smith [Last Updated On: October 10th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 10th, 2022]
- Saturday, 14th June 1913 State Takes Advantage of Points Known [Last Updated On: October 10th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 8th, 2022]
- Monday, 16th June 1913 Colyar Returns Promising Sensation [Last Updated On: October 10th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 5th, 2022]
- Monday, 16th June 1913 Dorsey Aide Says Frank Is Fast In Net [Last Updated On: October 11th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 6th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 17th June 1913 Sensations in Phagan Case at Hand [Last Updated On: October 11th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 4th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 18th June 1913 Rush Plans for Trial of Leo Frank [Last Updated On: October 11th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 7th, 2022]
- Thursday, 19th June 1913 Blow Aimed at Formby Story [Last Updated On: October 11th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 3rd, 2022]
- Friday, 20th June 1913 Frank Trial Will Not Be Long One [Last Updated On: October 11th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 2nd, 2022]
- Saturday, 21st June 1913 Justice Aim in Phagan Case, Says Hooper [Last Updated On: October 12th, 2023] [Originally Added On: July 1st, 2022]
- Sunday, 22nd June 1913 Arnold to Aid Frank [Last Updated On: October 12th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 30th, 2022]
- Sunday, 22nd June 1913 Jurors, Not Newspapers, To Return Frank Verdict, Declares Old Reporter [Last Updated On: October 12th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 29th, 2022]
- Monday, 23rd June 1913 State Ready for Frank Trial on June 30 [Last Updated On: October 12th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 28th, 2022]
- Monday, 23rd June 1913 Venire of 72 for Frank Jury Is Drawn [Last Updated On: October 12th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 27th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 24th June 1913 Both Sides Called in Conference by Judge; Trial Set for July 28 [Last Updated On: October 13th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 26th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 25th June 1913 Conley, Put on Grill, Sticks Story [Last Updated On: October 13th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 25th, 2022]
- Thursday, 26th June 1913 Stover Girl Will Star in Frank Trial [Last Updated On: October 13th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 24th, 2022]
- Friday, 27th June 1913 Lanford and Felder Are Held for Libel [Last Updated On: October 13th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 23rd, 2022]
- Friday, 27th June 1913 New Frank Evidence Held by Dorsey [Last Updated On: October 13th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 22nd, 2022]
- Saturday, 28th June 1913 Gov. Slaton Takes Oath Simply [Last Updated On: October 14th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 20th, 2022]
- Saturday, 28th June 1913 State Secures New Phagan Evidence [Last Updated On: October 14th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 21st, 2022]
- Sunday, 29th June 1913 Brilliant Legal Battle Is Sure as Hooper And Arnold Clash in Trial of Leo Frank [Last Updated On: October 14th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 18th, 2022]
- Sunday, 29th June 1913 Many Experts to Take Stand in Frank Trial [Last Updated On: October 14th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 19th, 2022]
- Monday, 30th June 1913 Conley Tale Is Hope of Defense [Last Updated On: October 14th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 17th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 1st July 1913 Colyar Indicted as Libeler of Col. Felder [Last Updated On: October 15th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 13th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 1st July 1913 Colyar Not Indicted On Charge of Libel [Last Updated On: October 15th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 15th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 1st July 1913 Frank Is Willing for State to Grill Him [Last Updated On: October 15th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 12th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 1st July 1913 May Indict Conley as Slayer [Last Updated On: October 15th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 16th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 1st July 1913 May Indict Conley in Phagan Case [Last Updated On: October 15th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 14th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 1st July 1913 “No” Bill Is Returned Against A. S. Colyar [Last Updated On: October 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 11th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 2nd July 1913 Findings in Probe are Guarded [Last Updated On: October 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 10th, 2022]
- Thursday, 3rd July 1913 Attempt by Colyar To Disbar Felder Is Halted; Tries Again [Last Updated On: October 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 9th, 2022]
- Thursday, 3rd July 1913 Writ Sought In Move to Free Negro Lee [Last Updated On: October 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 8th, 2022]
- Friday, 4th July 1913 New Testimony Lays Crime to Conley [Last Updated On: October 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 7th, 2022]
- Saturday, 5th July 1913 Application for Lee’s Release Delayed [Last Updated On: October 17th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 5th, 2022]
- Saturday, 5th July 1913 Drop Ninth in Police Scandal [Last Updated On: October 17th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 6th, 2022]
- Saturday, 5th July 1913 Liberty for Newt Lee Sought [Last Updated On: October 17th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 3rd, 2022]
- Saturday, 5th July 1913 Unbiased in the Flanders Case, Says Slaton [Last Updated On: October 17th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 4th, 2022]
- Sunday, 6th July 1913 Application to Release Lee is Ready to File [Last Updated On: October 17th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 1st, 2022]
- Sunday, 6th July 1913 New Move in Phagan Case by Solicitor [Last Updated On: October 18th, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 31st, 2022]
- Sunday, 6th July 1913 Phagan Case Centers on Conley; Negro Lone Hope of Both Sides [Last Updated On: October 18th, 2023] [Originally Added On: June 2nd, 2022]
- Monday, 7th July 1913 Lee’s Attorney is Ready for Writ Fight [Last Updated On: October 18th, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 30th, 2022]
- Monday, 7th July 1913 Operations of Slavers in Hotels Bared [Last Updated On: October 18th, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 29th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 8th July 1913 Attitude of Defense Secret [Last Updated On: October 18th, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 24th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 8th July 1913 Girl Tells of Life in Slavers’ Hands [Last Updated On: October 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 23rd, 2022]
- Tuesday, 8th July 1913 Grants Right to Demand Lee’s Freedom [Last Updated On: October 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 27th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 8th July 1913 Police Hunt Principals in Expose [Last Updated On: October 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 28th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 8th July 1913 Refused by Brown, Mangham Now Asks Slaton for Pardon [Last Updated On: October 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 25th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 8th July 1913 State Sure Lee Will Not Be Released [Last Updated On: October 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 26th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 9th July 1913 Girl Springs Sensation in Phagan Case [Last Updated On: October 20th, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 22nd, 2022]
- Wednesday, 9th July 1913 New Evidence in Phagan Case Found [Last Updated On: October 20th, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 21st, 2022]
- Wednesday, 9th July 1913 Sensations in Story of Girl Victim [Last Updated On: October 20th, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 20th, 2022]
- Thursday, 10th July 1913 Beavers in Speech Warns Policemen to Keep Out of Dives [Last Updated On: October 20th, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 17th, 2022]
- Thursday, 10th July 1913 Beavers’ War on Vice is Lauded by Women [Last Updated On: October 20th, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 16th, 2022]
- Thursday, 10th July 1913 Chief Expects Arrests in Vice Probe [Last Updated On: October 21st, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 19th, 2022]
- Thursday, 10th July 1913 Says Conley Confessed Slaying [Last Updated On: October 22nd, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 18th, 2022]
- Friday, 11th July 1913 Girl Tells Police Startling Story of Vice Ring [Last Updated On: October 21st, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 14th, 2022]
- Friday, 11th July 1913 Mincey’s Story Jolts Police to Activity [Last Updated On: October 21st, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 13th, 2022]
- Friday, 11th July 1913 Slaying Charge for Conley Is Expected [Last Updated On: October 21st, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 15th, 2022]
- Saturday, 12th July 1913 Conley Kept on Grill 4 Hours [Last Updated On: October 22nd, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 8th, 2022]
- Saturday, 12th July 1913 Dragnet for ‘Slavers’ Is Set [Last Updated On: October 22nd, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 9th, 2022]
- Saturday, 12th July 1913 Five Caught in Beavers’ Vice Net [Last Updated On: October 22nd, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 10th, 2022]
- Saturday, 12th July 1913 Parents Are Blamed for ‘Slavery’ [Last Updated On: October 22nd, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 11th, 2022]
- Saturday, 12th July 1913 Says Women Heard Conley Confession [Last Updated On: October 22nd, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 12th, 2022]
- Sunday, 13th July 1913 Affidavits to Back Mincey Story Found [Last Updated On: October 23rd, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 7th, 2022]
- Sunday, 13th July 1913 Indictment of Conley Puzzle for Grand Jury [Last Updated On: October 23rd, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 5th, 2022]
- Sunday, 13th July 1913 Seek Negro Who Says He Was Eye-Witness to Phagan Murder [Last Updated On: October 23rd, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 6th, 2022]
- Monday, 14th July 1913 Girl Bares New Vice System [Last Updated On: October 23rd, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 2nd, 2022]
- Monday, 14th July 1913 Mincey’s Own Story [Last Updated On: October 23rd, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 1st, 2022]
- Monday, 14th July 1913 Prosecution Attacks Mincey’s Affidavit [Last Updated On: October 24th, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 4th, 2022]
- Monday, 14th July 1913 Vice Pickets Posted at Hotels [Last Updated On: October 24th, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 3rd, 2022]
- Tuesday, 15th July 1913 Holloway Corroborates Mincey’s Affidavit [Last Updated On: October 24th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 28th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 15th July 1913 Police Close 2 Rooming Houses [Last Updated On: October 24th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 30th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 15th July 1913 White Men Fined in War on Negro Dives [Last Updated On: October 24th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 29th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 15th July 1913 Woodward Aids Chief in Vice Crusade [Last Updated On: October 25th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 27th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 16th July 1913 Dorsey Adds Startling Evidence [Last Updated On: October 25th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 26th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 16th July 1913 State to Fight Move to Indict Jim Conley [Last Updated On: October 25th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 25th, 2022]
- Thursday, 17th July 1913 Dorsey Blocked Indictment of Conley [Last Updated On: October 25th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 24th, 2022]
- Thursday, 17th July 1913 Mayor and Broyles in War of Words [Last Updated On: October 25th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 23rd, 2022]
- Thursday, 17th July 1913 Mayor Asked to Probe Action of Police [Last Updated On: October 26th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 21st, 2022]
- Thursday, 17th July 1913 Woodward Enemy to Society, Says Recorder Broyles [Last Updated On: October 26th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 20th, 2022]
- Thursday, 17th July 1913 Youth Accused in Vice Ring on Trial [Last Updated On: October 26th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 22nd, 2022]
- Friday, 18th July 1913 Detectives Working to Discredit Mincey [Last Updated On: October 26th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 19th, 2022]
- Friday, 18th July 1913 Woodward-Broyles Breach Widens [Last Updated On: October 26th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 18th, 2022]
- Saturday, 19th July 1913 Dorsey Resists Move to Indict Jim Conley [Last Updated On: October 26th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 17th, 2022]
- Saturday, 19th July 1913 Natural Crank, Mayor’s Shot at Broyles [Last Updated On: October 26th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 16th, 2022]
- Sunday, 20th July 1913 Attorney for Conley Makes a Statement [Last Updated On: October 26th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 12th, 2022]
- Sunday, 20th July 1913 Counsel of Frank Says Dorsey Has Sought to Hide Facts [Last Updated On: October 26th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 15th, 2022]
- Sunday, 20th July 1913 Dorsey Fights Movement to Indict Conley [Last Updated On: October 26th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 11th, 2022]
- Sunday, 20th July 1913 Mincey Ready to Tell Story to Grand Jury [Last Updated On: October 26th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 13th, 2022]
- Sunday, 20th July 1913 Mincey Story Declared Vital To Both Sides in Frank Case [Last Updated On: October 26th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 14th, 2022]
- Monday, 21st July 1913 Doctor And Girl Are Taken On Vice Charge [Last Updated On: October 26th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 8th, 2022]
- Monday, 21st July 1913 Four Women Caught In Vice Net Escape From Martha Home [Last Updated On: October 26th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 10th, 2022]
- Monday, 21st July 1913 Grand Jury Meets to Consider Conley Case [Last Updated On: October 26th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 7th, 2022]
- Monday, 21st July 1913 Protest of Solicitor Dorsey Wins [Last Updated On: October 27th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 9th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 22nd July 1913 Defense Asks Ruling on Delaying Frank Trial [Last Updated On: October 27th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 6th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 22nd July 1913 Grand Jury Defers Action on Conley [Last Updated On: October 27th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 5th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 22nd July 1913 Story of Phagan Case by Chapters [Last Updated On: October 27th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 4th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 23rd July 1913 Conley is Confronted with Lee Dorsey Grills Negroes in Same Cell at Jail [Last Updated On: October 27th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 3rd, 2022]
- Wednesday, 23rd July 1913 Lanford Ridicules Bludgeon Evidence [Last Updated On: October 27th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 1st, 2022]
- Wednesday, 23rd July 1913 Second Chapter in Phagan Mystery [Last Updated On: October 27th, 2023] [Originally Added On: April 2nd, 2022]
- Thursday, 24th July 1913 Frank Trial Delay up to Roan [Last Updated On: October 27th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 28th, 2022]
- Thursday, 24th July 1913 Let the Frank Trial Go On [Last Updated On: October 27th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 31st, 2022]
- Thursday, 24th July 1913 Third Chapter in Phagan Mystery [Last Updated On: October 27th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 29th, 2022]
- Thursday, 24th July 1913 Veneir is Drawn to Try Leo M. Frank Monday [Last Updated On: October 28th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 30th, 2022]
- Friday, 25th July 1913 Witnesses for Frank Called [Last Updated On: October 28th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 27th, 2022]
- Saturday, 26th July 1913 Chapter 5 in Phagan Case [Last Updated On: October 28th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 24th, 2022]
- Saturday, 26th July 1913 Pinkerton Chief Scored by Lanford [Last Updated On: October 28th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 26th, 2022]
- Saturday, 26th July 1913 Present New Evidence Against Frank [Last Updated On: October 28th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 25th, 2022]
- Sunday, 27th July 1913 Brewster Denies Aiding Dorsey in Phagan Case [Last Updated On: October 28th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 12th, 2022]
- Sunday, 27th July 1913 Defense Claims Conley and Lee Prepared Notes [Last Updated On: October 28th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 18th, 2022]
- Sunday, 27th July 1913 Every Bit of Evidence Against Frank Sifted and Tested, Declares Solicitor [Last Updated On: October 28th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 19th, 2022]
- Sunday, 27th July 1913 Frank Fights for Life Monday [Last Updated On: October 28th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 22nd, 2022]
- Sunday, 27th July 1913 Frank Watches Closely as the Men Who are to Decide Fate are Picked [Last Updated On: October 28th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 13th, 2022]
- Sunday, 27th July 1913 Phagan Case of Peculiar And Enthralling Interest [Last Updated On: October 29th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 16th, 2022]
- Sunday, 27th July 1913 Pinkerton Men Brand Lanford Charges False [Last Updated On: October 29th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 23rd, 2022]
- Sunday, 27th July 1913 Prominent Atlantans Named On Frank Trial Jury Venire [Last Updated On: October 29th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 20th, 2022]
- Sunday, 27th July 1913 Public Demands Frank Trial To-morrow [Last Updated On: October 29th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 17th, 2022]
- Sunday, 27th July 1913 State Bolsters Conley [Last Updated On: October 29th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 21st, 2022]
- Sunday, 27th July 1913 Trial to Surpass in Interest Any in Fulton County History [Last Updated On: October 29th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 15th, 2022]
- Sunday, 27th July 1913 Venire Whipped Into Shape Rapidly; Negro Is Eligible [Last Updated On: October 29th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 11th, 2022]
- Sunday, 27th July 1913 Work of Choosing Jury for Trial of Frank Difficult [Last Updated On: October 29th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 14th, 2022]
- Monday, 28th July 1913 Frank, Feeling Tiptop, Smiling and Confident, is Up Long Before Trial [Last Updated On: October 29th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 9th, 2022]
- Monday, 28th July 1913 Frank Jury [Last Updated On: October 29th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 7th, 2022]
- Monday, 28th July 1913 Jury Complete to Try Frank [Last Updated On: October 30th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 10th, 2022]
- Monday, 28th July 1913 Mary Phagan’s Mother Testifies [Last Updated On: October 30th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 8th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 29th July 1913 After Rosser’s Fierce Grilling All Negro, Newt Lee, Asked for Was Chew or Bacca-AnyKind [Last Updated On: October 30th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 3rd, 2022]
- Tuesday, 29th July 1913 Defense Wins Point After Fierce Lawyers’ Clash [Last Updated On: October 30th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 6th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 29th July 1913 Lee’s Quaint Answers Rob Leo Frank’s Trial of All Signs of Rancor [Last Updated On: October 30th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 5th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 29th July 1913 Tragedy, Ages Old, Lurks in Commonplace Court Setting [Last Updated On: October 30th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 4th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 30th July 1913 Defense Plans Sensation, Line of Queries Indicates [Last Updated On: October 30th, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 26th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 30th July 1913 Flashes of Tragedy Pierce Legal Tilts at Frank Trial [Last Updated On: October 30th, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 28th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 30th July 1913 Frank’s Mother Pitiful Figure of the Trial [Last Updated On: October 30th, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 27th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 30th July 1913 Gantt Has Startling Evidence; Dorsey Promises New Testimony Against Frank [Last Updated On: October 30th, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 2nd, 2022]
- Wednesday, 30th July 1913 Rosser’s Examination of Lee Just a Shot in Dark; Hoped to Start Quarry [Last Updated On: October 31st, 2023] [Originally Added On: March 1st, 2022]
- Thursday, 31st July 1913 Collapse of Testimony of Black and Hix Girl’s Story Big Aid to Frank [Last Updated On: October 31st, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 24th, 2022]
- Thursday, 31st July 1913 Crimson Trail Leads Crowd to Courtroom Sidewalk [Last Updated On: October 31st, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 22nd, 2022]
- Thursday, 31st July 1913 Holloway Accused by Solicitor Dorsey of Entrapping State [Last Updated On: October 31st, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 21st, 2022]
- Thursday, 31st July 1913 Red Bandanna, a Jackknife and Plennie Minor Preserve Order [Last Updated On: October 31st, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 20th, 2022]
- Thursday, 31st July 1913 Scott Trapped Us, Dorsey Charges; Pinkerton Man Is Also Attacked by the Defense [Last Updated On: October 31st, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 25th, 2022]
- Thursday, 31st July 1913 State Balloon Soars When Dorsey, Roiled, Cries ‘Plant’ [Last Updated On: October 31st, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 23rd, 2022]
- Friday, 1st August 1913 Conley Takes Stand Saturday [Last Updated On: October 31st, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 19th, 2022]
- Friday, 1st August 1913 Defense Not Helped by Witnesses Accused of Entrapping the State [Last Updated On: October 31st, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 17th, 2022]
- Friday, 1st August 1913 Dorsey Unafraid as He Faces Champions of the Atlanta Bar [Last Updated On: October 31st, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 16th, 2022]
- Friday, 1st August 1913 Girl Slain After Frank Left Factory, Believed to be Defense Theory [Last Updated On: November 1st, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 15th, 2022]
- Friday, 1st August 1913 Sherlocks, Lupins and Lecoqs See Frank Trial [Last Updated On: November 1st, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 18th, 2022]
- Saturday, 2nd August 1913 Defense Threatens a Mistrial [Last Updated On: November 1st, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 14th, 2022]
- Saturday, 2nd August 1913 Frank Juror’s Life One Grand, Sweet SongNot [Last Updated On: November 1st, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 10th, 2022]
- Saturday, 2nd August 1913 Roan Holding Scales of Justice With Steady Hand [Last Updated On: November 1st, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 11th, 2022]
- Saturday, 2nd August 1913 State Hopes Dr. Harris Fixed Fact That Frank Had Chance to Kill Girl [Last Updated On: November 2nd, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 12th, 2022]
- Saturday, 2nd August 1913 Will 5 Ounces of Cabbage Help Convict Leo M. Frank? [Last Updated On: November 2nd, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 13th, 2022]
- Sunday, 3rd August 1913 Conley to Bring Frank Case Crisis [Last Updated On: November 2nd, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 8th, 2022]
- Sunday, 3rd August 1913 First Week of Frank Trial Ends With Both Sides Sure of Victory [Last Updated On: November 2nd, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 9th, 2022]
- Sunday, 3rd August 1913 Leo Frank’s Eyes Show Intense Interest in Every Phase of Case [Last Updated On: November 2nd, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 7th, 2022]
- Monday, 4th August 1913 Boiled Cabbage Brings Hypothetical Question Stage in Frank’s Trial [Last Updated On: November 3rd, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 3rd, 2022]
- Monday, 4th August 1913 Conley’s Story In Detail; Women Barred By Judge [Last Updated On: November 3rd, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 5th, 2022]
- Monday, 4th August 1913 Dorsey Tries to Prove Frank Had Chance to Kill Girl [Last Updated On: November 3rd, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 28th, 2022]
- Monday, 4th August 1913 Dramatic Moment of Trial Comes as Negro Takes Stand [Last Updated On: November 3rd, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 29th, 2022]
- Monday, 4th August 1913 Envy Not the Juror! His Lot, Mostly, Is Monotony [Last Updated On: November 3rd, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 2nd, 2022]
- Monday, 4th August 1913 Frank Calm and Jurors Tense While Jim Conley Tells His Ghastly Tale [Last Updated On: November 4th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 30th, 2022]
- Monday, 4th August 1913 Frank Witness Nearly Killed By a Mad Dog [Last Updated On: November 4th, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 1st, 2022]
- Monday, 4th August 1913 Jim Conley’s Story as Matter of Fact as if it Were of His Day’s Work [Last Updated On: November 4th, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 4th, 2022]
- Monday, 4th August 1913 Jurors Strain Forward to Catch Conley Story; Frank’s Interest Mild [Last Updated On: November 4th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 31st, 2022]
- Monday, 4th August 1913 Ordeal is Borne with Reserve by Franks [Last Updated On: November 4th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 27th, 2022]
- Monday, 4th August 1913 Rosser’s Grilling of Negro Leads to Hot Clashes by Lawyers [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2023] [Originally Added On: February 6th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 5th August 1913 Conleys Charge Turns Frank Trial Into Fight To Worse Than Death [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 25th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 5th August 1913 Many Discrepancies To Be Bridged in Conleys Stories [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 23rd, 2022]
- Tuesday, 5th August 1913 Mrs. Frank Breaks Down in Court [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 26th, 2022]
- Tuesday, 5th August 1913 Rosser Goes Fiercely After Jim Conley [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 22nd, 2022]
- Tuesday, 5th August 1913 Traditions of the South Upset; White Mans Life Hangs on Negros Word [Last Updated On: November 6th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 24th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 6th August 1913 Accuser of Conley is Ready to Testify [Last Updated On: November 6th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 19th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 6th August 1913 Can Jury Obey if Told to Forget Base Charge? [Last Updated On: November 6th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 21st, 2022]
- Wednesday, 6th August 1913 Conley Swears Frank Hid Purse [Last Updated On: November 6th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 20th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 6th August 1913 Crowd Set in Its Opinions [Last Updated On: November 6th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 18th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 6th August 1913 Dorsey Accomplishes Aim Despite Big Odds [Last Updated On: November 7th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 17th, 2022]
- Wednesday, 6th August 1913 Judge Will Rule on Evidence Attacked by Defense at 2 P.M. [Last Updated On: November 7th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 16th, 2022]
- Thursday, 7th August 1913 Jim Conley, the Ebony Chevalier of Crime, is Darktowns Own Hero [Last Updated On: November 7th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 14th, 2022]
- Thursday, 7th August 1913 Roans Ruling Heavy Blow to Defense [Last Updated On: November 7th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 12th, 2022]
- Thursday, 7th August 1913 State Ends Case Against Frank [Last Updated On: November 7th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 15th, 2022]
- Thursday, 7th August 1913 Trial as Varied as Vaudeville Exhibition [Last Updated On: November 8th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 13th, 2022]
- Thursday, 7th August 1913 Trial Experts Conflict on Time of Girls Death [Last Updated On: November 8th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 11th, 2022]
- Friday, 8th August 1913 Bits of Circumstantial Evidence, as Viewed by State, Strands in Rope [Last Updated On: November 8th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 7th, 2022]
- Friday, 8th August 1913 Scott Put Conleys Story in Strange Light [Last Updated On: November 8th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 8th, 2022]
- Friday, 8th August 1913 State, Tied by Conleys Story, Now Must Stand Still Under Hot Fire [Last Updated On: November 8th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 9th, 2022]
- Friday, 8th August 1913 Witnesses Attack Conley Story [Last Updated On: November 9th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 10th, 2022]
- Saturday, 9th August 1913 Absence of Alienists and the Hypothetical Question Distinguishes Frank Trial [Last Updated On: November 9th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 5th, 2022]
- Saturday, 9th August 1913 Confusion of Holloway Spoils Close of Good Day for the Defense [Last Updated On: November 9th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 3rd, 2022]
- Saturday, 9th August 1913 Daltons Testimony False, Girl Named on Stand Says [Last Updated On: November 9th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 6th, 2022]
- Saturday, 9th August 1913 Exposure of Conley Story Time Flaws is Sought by Defense [Last Updated On: November 9th, 2023] [Originally Added On: January 1st, 2022]
- Saturday, 9th August 1913 Heres the Time Clock Puzzle in Frank Trial; Can You Figure It Out? [Last Updated On: October 13th, 2024] [Originally Added On: January 4th, 2022]
- Saturday, 9th August 1913 State Attacks Frank Report [Last Updated On: January 2nd, 2022] [Originally Added On: January 2nd, 2022]
- Sunday, 10th August 1913 Case Never is Discussed by Frank Jurors [Last Updated On: April 26th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 28th, 2021]
- Sunday, 10th August 1913 Conley, Unconcerned, Asks Nothing of Trial [Last Updated On: December 27th, 2021] [Originally Added On: December 27th, 2021]
- Sunday, 10th August 1913 Dalton Sticks Firmly To Story Told on Stand [Last Updated On: April 26th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 24th, 2021]
- Sunday, 10th August 1913 Frank or Conley? Still Question [Last Updated On: November 11th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 31st, 2021]
- Sunday, 10th August 1913 Frank Struggles to Prove His Conduct Was Blameless [Last Updated On: November 11th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 29th, 2021]
- Sunday, 10th August 1913 Interest in Trial Now Centers in Story of Mincey [Last Updated On: November 11th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 26th, 2021]
- Sunday, 10th August 1913 Mary Phagans Mother to be Spared at Trial [Last Updated On: November 11th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 23rd, 2021]
- Sunday, 10th August 1913 One Glance at Conley Boosts Darwin Theory [Last Updated On: November 11th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 22nd, 2021]
- Sunday, 10th August 1913 Phagan Trial Makes Eleven Widows But Jurors Wives Are Peeresses Also [Last Updated On: November 12th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 25th, 2021]
- Sunday, 10th August 1913 Study of Frank Convicts, Then It Turns and Acquits [Last Updated On: November 12th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 30th, 2021]
- Monday, 11th August 1913 Defense Bitterly Attacks Harris [Last Updated On: November 12th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 21st, 2021]
- Monday, 11th August 1913 Deputy Hunting Scalp Of Juror-Ventiloquist [Last Updated On: November 12th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 20th, 2021]
- Monday, 11th August 1913 Grief-Stricken Mother Shows No Vengefulness [Last Updated On: November 12th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 19th, 2021]
- Monday, 11th August 1913 Interest Unabated as Dramatic Frank Trial Enters Third Week [Last Updated On: November 13th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 18th, 2021]
- Tuesday, 12th August 1913 Attacks on Dr. Harris Give Defense Good Day [Last Updated On: November 13th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 15th, 2021]
- Tuesday, 12th August 1913 Frank Trial Witness is Sure, At Least, of One Thinga Good Ragging [Last Updated On: November 13th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 16th, 2021]
- Tuesday, 12th August 1913 Peoples Cry for Justice Is Proof Sentiment Still Lives [Last Updated On: November 13th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 14th, 2021]
- Tuesday, 12th August 1913 State Charges Premeditated Crime [Last Updated On: November 13th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 17th, 2021]
- Wednesday, 13th August 1913 Both Sides Aim for Justice in the Trial of Frank [Last Updated On: November 14th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 12th, 2021]
- Wednesday, 13th August 1913 Franks Mother Stirs Courtroom [Last Updated On: November 14th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 13th, 2021]
- Wednesday, 13th August 1913 State Calls More Witnesses; Defense Builds Up an Alibi [Last Updated On: November 14th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 11th, 2021]
- Thursday, 14th August 1913 Defense Slips Load by Putting up Character of Leo Frank as Issue [Last Updated On: November 14th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 8th, 2021]
- Thursday, 14th August 1913 State Fights Franks Alibi [Last Updated On: November 14th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 6th, 2021]
- Thursday, 14th August 1913 State Wants Wife and Mother Excluded [Last Updated On: November 15th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 10th, 2021]
- Thursday, 14th August 1913 States Sole Aim is to Convict, Defenses to Clear in Modern Trial [Last Updated On: November 15th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 9th, 2021]
- Thursday, 14th August 1913 Steel Workers Enthralled by Leo Frank Trial [Last Updated On: November 15th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 7th, 2021]
- Friday, 15th August 1913 Frank Prepares to Take Stand [Last Updated On: July 17th, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 22nd, 2023]
- Friday, 15th August 1913 Testimony of Girls Help to Leo M. Frank [Last Updated On: July 17th, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 20th, 2023]
- Friday, 15th August 1913 What They Say Wont Hurt Leo Frank; State Must Prove Depravity [Last Updated On: July 17th, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 21st, 2023]
- Saturday, 16th August 1913 Girls Testify For and Against Frank [Last Updated On: July 17th, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 19th, 2023]
- Saturday, 16th August 1913 Many Testify to Franks Good Character [Last Updated On: July 17th, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 17th, 2023]
- Saturday, 16th August 1913 Mothers Love Gives Trial Its Great Scene [Last Updated On: July 17th, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 16th, 2023]
- Saturday, 16th August 1913 Statement by Frank Will Be the Climactic Feature of the Trial [Last Updated On: July 17th, 2023] [Originally Added On: May 18th, 2023]
- Sunday, 17th August 1913 Supreme Test Comes As State Trains Guns On Frank's Character [Last Updated On: August 30th, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 11th, 2023]
- Monday, 18th August 1913 Leo Frank Testifies [Last Updated On: February 17th, 2024] [Originally Added On: September 2nd, 2023]
- Tuesday, 19th August 1913 Jim Conley To Be Recalled [Last Updated On: February 17th, 2024] [Originally Added On: September 12th, 2023]
- Wednesday, 20th August 1913 State Closes Frank Case Near Jury Defense Begins Its Sur-rubettual. Hopes To Conclude Quickly [Last Updated On: November 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 29th, 2023]
- Thursday, 21st August 1913 Mass Of Perjuries Charged By Arnold Centers Hot Attack On Conley. Ridicules Prosecution Theory [Last Updated On: November 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 23rd, 2023]
- Friday, 22nd August 1913 Rosser Begins Final Plea [Last Updated On: February 17th, 2024] [Originally Added On: September 2nd, 2023]
- Sunday, 24th August 1913 Dorsey Demands Death Penalty For Frank In Thrilling Closing Plea [Last Updated On: November 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: August 29th, 2023]
- Monday, 25th August 1913: Frank Case To Jury Today Leo Frank On His Way From Jail To Court, The Atlanta Georgian [Last Updated On: August 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: September 3rd, 2023]
- Wednesday, 27th August 1913 Fight Begun To Save Frank Motion For New Trial Follows Death Sentence [Last Updated On: October 25th, 2024] [Originally Added On: September 12th, 2023]
- Thursday, 28th August 1913 Reply Made To Frank's Attack [Last Updated On: February 17th, 2024] [Originally Added On: September 17th, 2023]
- Tuesday, 16th September 1913 No Judge To Try Fulton Docket [Last Updated On: September 6th, 2024] [Originally Added On: February 3rd, 2024]
- Wednesday, 17th September 1913 Conley To Fight Felon Charge Bitterly [Last Updated On: September 6th, 2024] [Originally Added On: February 3rd, 2024]
- Wednesday, 17th September 1913 Say Partee Shot In Self-defense [Last Updated On: April 26th, 2024] [Originally Added On: February 17th, 2024]
- Monday, 22nd September 1913 Judge Roan Not To Hear Frank Trial Motion [Last Updated On: July 12th, 2024] [Originally Added On: March 31st, 2024]
- Wednesday, 24th September 1913 Detective Black Not Blamed For Fighting [Last Updated On: September 6th, 2024] [Originally Added On: March 31st, 2024]
- Thursday, 25th September 1913 Recall To Apply To All Big Offices [Last Updated On: September 6th, 2024] [Originally Added On: March 31st, 2024]
- Friday, 26th September 1913 Judge Roan To Hear Arguments Asking Retrial For Frank [Last Updated On: September 6th, 2024] [Originally Added On: February 29th, 2024]
- Sunday, 28th September 1913 Judge Hill May Hear Frank Case [Last Updated On: July 12th, 2024] [Originally Added On: February 29th, 2024]
- Monday, 29th September 1913 Delay On Frank Hearing Seems Unavoidable [Last Updated On: July 12th, 2024] [Originally Added On: February 29th, 2024]
- Tuesday, 30th September 1913 Frank Ready For New Fight Rosser Ready. Roan Will Hear Frank Argument [Last Updated On: July 12th, 2024] [Originally Added On: February 29th, 2024]
- Wednesday, 1st October 1913: Rosser Ready Roan Will Hear Frank Argument, The Atlanta Georgian [Last Updated On: October 21st, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 9th, 2024]
- Thursday, 2nd October 1913: Ask New Frank Trial On 115 Counts Many Errors Laid To Court; Charge Made Of Jury Intimidation, The Atlanta Georgian [Last Updated On: October 21st, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 9th, 2024]
- Friday, 3rd October 1913: Frank Trial Juror Denies Charge Of Bias, The Atlanta Georgian [Last Updated On: October 21st, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 9th, 2024]
- Saturday, 4th October 1913: Sensational Charge In Frank Case, The Atlanta Georgian [Last Updated On: October 21st, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 9th, 2024]
- Sunday, 5th October 1913: Governor Slaton Personally Investigates And Verifies The Circulation Of The Georgian And Hearst’s Sunday American, The Atlanta Georgian [Last Updated On: October 21st, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 9th, 2024]
- Sunday, 5th October 1913 Indefinite Respite Is Given Frank As Juror Charges Flood [Last Updated On: October 13th, 2024] [Originally Added On: February 29th, 2024]
- Monday, 6th October 1913: Frank Given Indefinite Respite, The Atlanta Georgian [Last Updated On: October 21st, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 9th, 2024]
- Tuesday, 7th October 1913: Dorsey At Work To Combat Charge, The Atlanta Georgian [Last Updated On: October 21st, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 9th, 2024]
- Wednesday, 8th October 1913: Both Sides Confident In Frank Case, The Atlanta Georgian [Last Updated On: October 21st, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 9th, 2024]
- Thursday, 9th October 1913: Postponement In Frank Case Made Certain, The Atlanta Georgian [Last Updated On: October 13th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 9th, 2024]
- Friday, 10th October 1913: Hawthorne Ready To Leave Prison, The Atlanta Georgian [Last Updated On: October 21st, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 9th, 2024]
- Saturday, 11th October 1913: Frank Lawyers To File More Depositions, The Atlanta Georgian [Last Updated On: October 13th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 9th, 2024]
- Sunday, 12th October 1913: Governor Slaton Personally Investigates And Verifies The Circulation Of The Georgian And Hearst’s Sunday American, The Atlanta Georgian [Last Updated On: October 13th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 9th, 2024]
- Monday, 13th October 1913: Attack Is Renewed On Frank Juror, The Atlanta Georgian [Last Updated On: October 13th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 9th, 2024]
- Tuesday, 14th October 1913: Dorsey Gathers Proof Against Bias Charges, The Atlanta Georgian [Last Updated On: October 13th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 9th, 2024]
- Wednesday, 15th October 1913: Dorsey Gathers Proof Against Bias Charges, The Atlanta Georgian [Last Updated On: October 21st, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 9th, 2024]
- Thursday, 16th October 1913: Dorsey Back With New Affidavits More Delay In Appeal Fight Likely, The Atlanta Georgian [Last Updated On: October 13th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 9th, 2024]
- Friday, 17th October 1913: Sparta Citizens Attack Frank Trial Juror, The Atlanta Georgian [Last Updated On: October 13th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 9th, 2024]
- Saturday, 18th October 1913: Way Clear For Frank Battle, The Atlanta Georgian [Last Updated On: October 21st, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 9th, 2024]
- Sunday, 19th October 1913: Frank To Fight On Wednesday For New Trial, The Atlanta Georgian [Last Updated On: October 21st, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 9th, 2024]
- Monday, 20th October 1913: Way Clear For Frank Battle, The Atlanta Georgian [Last Updated On: August 9th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 9th, 2024]
- Tuesday, 21st October 1913: Fisher Under Third Degree Shirley's Accuser In Cell, The Atlanta Georgian [Last Updated On: August 9th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 9th, 2024]